Radiology

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• Embolization of active arterial bleeding in COVID-19 patients: A multicenter study
  June 3, 2023
  CONCLUSIONS: Transarterial embolization is a feasible, safe, and effective procedure in COVID-19 patients with arterial bleeding. ECMO-patients have a lower 30-day survival rate than non-ECMO-patients […]
• Long-term antibody response to inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with chronic liver disease: a multicenter study
  June 3, 2023
  Patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) are at a greater risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. This study investigated the […]
• The importance of chest CT severity score and lung CT patterns in risk assessment in COVID-19-associated pneumonia: a comparative study
  June 2, 2023
  CONCLUSION: CTSS may be suitable to assess severity and prognosis of COVID-19-associated pneumonia. CTSS and specific chest CT patterns may predict the need for ventilation, […]
• COVID-19-Induced Eosinophilic Lower Airway Inflammation in Those With Multiple COVID-19 Vaccinations
  June 2, 2023
  A 29-year-old woman was admitted with a diagnosis of ischemic enteritis. She had a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection four weeks before this visit and […]

List of Articles

RECORD 1
TITLE
  Successful recovery of COVID-19 pneumonia in a renal transplant recipient with long-term immunosuppression
AUTHOR NAMES
  Zhu L.;  Xu X.;  Ma K.;  Yang J.;  Guan H.;  Chen S.;  Chen Z.;  Chen G.
SOURCE
  American Journal of Transplantation (2020). Date of Publication: 2020
ABSTRACT
  The current outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has raised great concern worldwide, but its impact on transplant recipients is unknown. We report here the clinical features and therapeutic course of the first reported renal transplant recipient with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia. This is a 52-year-old man who received kidney transplantation 12 years ago. His overall clinical characteristics (symptoms, laboratory examinations, and chest CT) were similar to those of non-transplanted COVID-19 patients. Following a treatment regimen consisting of reduced immunosuppressant use and low dose methylprednisolone-based therapy, the COVID-19 pneumonia in this long-term immunosuppressive patient was successfully recovered. This effectively treated case has reference value for the future treatment of other transplant patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajt.15869

RECORD 2
TITLE
  International Guidelines on Radiation Therapy for Breast Cancer During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AUTHOR NAMES
  Coles C.E.;  Aristei C.;  Bliss J.;  Boersma L.;  Brunt A.M.;  Chatterjee S.;  Hanna G.;  Jagsi R.;  Kaidar Person O.;  Kirby A.;  Mjaaland I.;  Meattini I.;  Luis A.M.;  Marta G.N.;  Offersen B.;  Poortmans P.;  Rivera S.
SOURCE
  Clinical Oncology (2020) 32:5 (279-281). Date of Publication: 1 May 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clon.2020.03.006

RECORD 3
TITLE
  Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (COVID-19) Progression Course in 17 Discharged Patients: Comparison of Clinical and Thin-Section CT Features During Recovery
AUTHOR NAMES
  Han X.;  Cao Y.;  Jiang N.;  Chen Y.;  Alwalid O.;  Zhang X.;  Gu J.;  Dai M.;  Liu J.;  Zhu W.;  Zheng C.;  Shi H.
SOURCE
  Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America (2020). Date of Publication: 30 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  BACKGROUND: To retrospectively analyze the evolution of clinical features and thin-section CT imaging of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) in 17 discharged patients. METHODS: Serial thin-section CT scans of 17 discharged patients with COVID-19 were obtained during recovery. Longitudinal changes of clinical parameters and CT pattern were documented in all patients during 4 weeks since admission. CT score was used to evaluate the extent of the disease. RESULTS: There was a marked improvement of fever, lymphocytes count, C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate within the first two weeks since admission. However, the mean CT score rapidly increased from the 1st to 3rd week, with a top score of 8.2 obtained in the 2nd week. During the 1st week, the main CT pattern was ground-glass opacities (GGO,76.5%). The frequency of GGO (52.9%) decreased in the 2nd week. Consolidation and mixed patterns (47.0%) were noted in the 2nd week. Thereafter, consolidations generally dissipated into GGO and the frequency of GGO increased in the 3rd week (76.5%) and 4th week (71.4%). Opacities were mainly located in the peripheral (76.5%), subpleural (47.1%) zones of the lungs, and presented as focal (35.3%) or multifocal (29.4%) in the 1st week and became more diffuse in the 2nd (47.1%) and 3rd week (58.8%), then showed reduced extent in 4th week (50%). CONCLUSIONS: The progression course of CT pattern was later than the clinical parameters within the first two weeks since admission; however, there was a synchronized improvement in both clinical and radiologic features in the 4th week.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa271

RECORD 4
TITLE
  Dealing with COVID-19: initial perspectives of a small radiology department
AUTHOR NAMES
  Kok S.S.X.;  Mohamed Shah M.T.B.;  Cheong W.K.;  Cheng A.K.C.;  Sng L.H.;  Salkade P.R.;  Wong S.B.S.
SOURCE
  Singapore medical journal (2020). Date of Publication: 31 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.11622/smedj.2020043

RECORD 5
TITLE
  Association of Cardiac Injury with Mortality in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China
AUTHOR NAMES
  Shi S.;  Qin M.;  Shen B.;  Cai Y.;  Liu T.;  Yang F.;  Gong W.;  Liu X.;  Liang J.;  Zhao Q.;  Huang H.;  Yang B.;  Huang C.
SOURCE
  JAMA Cardiology (2020). Date of Publication: 2020
ABSTRACT
  Importance: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide since December 2019. However, information on cardiac injury in patients affected by COVID-19 is limited. Objective: To explore the association between cardiac injury and mortality in patients with COVID-19. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cohort study was conducted from January 20, 2020, to February 10, 2020, in a single center at Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; the final date of follow-up was February 15, 2020. All consecutive inpatients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 were included in this study. Main Outcomes and Measures: Clinical laboratory, radiological, and treatment data were collected and analyzed. Outcomes of patients with and without cardiac injury were compared. The association between cardiac injury and mortality was analyzed. Results: A total of 416 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were included in the final analysis; the median age was 64 years (range, 21-95 years), and 211 (50.7%) were female. Common symptoms included fever (334 patients [80.3%]), cough (144 [34.6%]), and shortness of breath (117 [28.1%]). A total of 82 patients (19.7%) had cardiac injury, and compared with patients without cardiac injury, these patients were older (median [range] age, 74 [34-95] vs 60 [21-90] years; P <.001); had more comorbidities (eg, hypertension in 49 of 82 [59.8%] vs 78 of 334 [23.4%]; P <.001); had higher leukocyte counts (median [interquartile range (IQR)], 9400 [6900-13800] vs 5500 [4200-7400] cells/μL) and levels of C-reactive protein (median [IQR], 10.2 [6.4-17.0] vs 3.7 [1.0-7.3] mg/dL), procalcitonin (median [IQR], 0.27 [0.10-1.22] vs 0.06 [0.03-0.10] ng/mL), creatinine kinase-myocardial band (median [IQR], 3.2 [1.8-6.2] vs 0.9 [0.6-1.3] ng/mL), myohemoglobin (median [IQR], 128 [68-305] vs 39 [27-65] μg/L), high-sensitivity troponin I (median [IQR], 0.19 [0.08-1.12] vs <0.006 [<0.006-0.009] μg/L), N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (median [IQR], 1689 [698-3327] vs 139 [51-335] pg/mL), aspartate aminotransferase (median [IQR], 40 [27-60] vs 29 [21-40] U/L), and creatinine (median [IQR], 1.15 [0.72-1.92] vs 0.64 [0.54-0.78] mg/dL); and had a higher proportion of multiple mottling and ground-glass opacity in radiographic findings (53 of 82 patients [64.6%] vs 15 of 334 patients [4.5%]). Greater proportions of patients with cardiac injury required noninvasive mechanical ventilation (38 of 82 [46.3%] vs 13 of 334 [3.9%]; P <.001) or invasive mechanical ventilation (18 of 82 [22.0%] vs 14 of 334 [4.2%]; P <.001) than those without cardiac injury. Complications were more common in patients with cardiac injury than those without cardiac injury and included acute respiratory distress syndrome (48 of 82 [58.5%] vs 49 of 334 [14.7%]; P <.001), acute kidney injury (7 of 82 [8.5%] vs 1 of 334 [0.3%]; P <.001), electrolyte disturbances (13 of 82 [15.9%] vs 17 of 334 [5.1%]; P =.003), hypoproteinemia (11 of 82 [13.4%] vs 16 of 334 [4.8%]; P =.01), and coagulation disorders (6 of 82 [7.3%] vs 6 of 334 [1.8%]; P =.02). Patients with cardiac injury had higher mortality than those without cardiac injury (42 of 82 [51.2%] vs 15 of 334 [4.5%]; P <.001). In a Cox regression model, patients with vs those without cardiac injury were at a higher risk of death, both during the time from symptom onset (hazard ratio, 4.26 [95% CI, 1.92-9.49]) and from admission to end point (hazard ratio, 3.41 [95% CI, 1.62-7.16]). Conclusions and Relevance: Cardiac injury is a common condition among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, and it is associated with higher risk of in-hospital mortality..
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2020.0950

RECORD 6
TITLE
  False-negative results of real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2: Role of deep-learning-based ct diagnosis and insights from two cases
AUTHOR NAMES
  Li D.;  Wang D.;  Dong J.;  Wang N.;  Huang H.;  Xu H.;  Xia C.
SOURCE
  Korean Journal of Radiology (2020) 21:4 (505-508). Date of Publication: 1 Apr 2020
ABSTRACT
  The epidemic of 2019 novel coronavirus, later named as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is still gradually spreading worldwide. The nucleic acid test or genetic sequencing serves as the gold standard method for confirmation of infection, yet several recent studies have reported false-negative results of real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). Here, we report two representative false-negative cases and discuss the supplementary role of clinical data with rRT-PCR, including laboratory examination results and computed tomography features. Coinfection with SARS-COV-2 and other viruses has been discussed as well.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2020.0146

RECORD 7
TITLE
  Chest radiographic and ct findings of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (Covid-19): Analysis of nine patients treated in korea
AUTHOR NAMES
  Yoon S.H.;  Lee K.H.;  Kim J.Y.;  Lee Y.K.;  Ko H.;  Kim K.H.;  Park C.M.;  Kim Y.-H.
SOURCE
  Korean Journal of Radiology (2020) 21:4 (498-504). Date of Publication: 1 Apr 2020
ABSTRACT
  Objective: This study presents a preliminary report on the chest radiographic and computed tomography (CT) findings of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pneumonia in Korea. Materials and Methods: As part of a multi-institutional collaboration coordinated by the Korean Society of Thoracic Radiology, we collected nine patients with COVID-19 infections who had undergone chest radiography and CT scans. We analyzed the radiographic and CT findings of COVID-19 pneumonia at baseline. Fisher’s exact test was used to compare CT findings depending on the shape of pulmonary lesions. Results: Three of the nine patients (33.3%) had parenchymal abnormalities detected by chest radiography, and most of the abnormalities were peripheral consolidations. Chest CT images showed bilateral involvement in eight of the nine patients, and a unilobar reversed halo sign in the other patient. In total, 77 pulmonary lesions were found, including patchy lesions (39%), large confluent lesions (13%), and small nodular lesions (48%). The peripheral and posterior lung fields were involved in 78% and 67% of the lesions, respectively. The lesions were typically ill-defined and were composed of mixed ground-glass opacities and consolidation or pure ground-glass opacities. Patchy to confluent lesions were primarily distributed in the lower lobes (p = 0.040) and along the pleura (p < 0.001), whereas nodular lesions were primarily distributed along the bronchovascular bundles (p = 0.006). Conclusion: COVID-19 pneumonia in Korea primarily manifested as pure to mixed ground-glass opacities with a patchy to confluent or nodular shape in the bilateral peripheral posterior lungs. A considerable proportion of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia had normal chest radiographs.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2020.0132

RECORD 8
TITLE
  Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak: What the Department of Radiology Should Know
AUTHOR NAMES
  Kooraki S.;  Hosseiny M.;  Myers L.;  Gholamrezanezhad A.
SOURCE
  Journal of the American College of Radiology (2020) 17:4 (447-451). Date of Publication: 1 Apr 2020
ABSTRACT
  In December 2019, a novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia emerged in Wuhan, China. Since then, this highly contagious COVID-19 has been spreading worldwide, with a rapid rise in the number of deaths. Novel COVID-19–infected pneumonia (NCIP) is characterized by fever, fatigue, dry cough, and dyspnea. A variety of chest imaging features have been reported, similar to those found in other types of coronavirus syndromes. The purpose of the present review is to briefly discuss the known epidemiology and the imaging findings of coronavirus syndromes, with a focus on the reported imaging findings of NCIP. Moreover, the authors review precautions and safety measures for radiology department personnel to manage patients with known or suspected NCIP. Implementation of a robust plan in the radiology department is required to prevent further transmission of the virus to patients and department staff members.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2020.02.008

RECORD 9
TITLE
  Radiological findings from 81 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study
AUTHOR NAMES
  Shi H.;  Han X.;  Jiang N.;  Cao Y.;  Alwalid O.;  Gu J.;  Fan Y.;  Zheng C.
SOURCE
  The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2020) 20:4 (425-434). Date of Publication: 1 Apr 2020
ABSTRACT
  Background: A cluster of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were successively reported in Wuhan, China. We aimed to describe the CT findings across different timepoints throughout the disease course. Methods: Patients with COVID-19 pneumonia (confirmed by next-generation sequencing or RT-PCR) who were admitted to one of two hospitals in Wuhan and who underwent serial chest CT scans were retrospectively enrolled. Patients were grouped on the basis of the interval between symptom onset and the first CT scan: group 1 (subclinical patients; scans done before symptom onset), group 2 (scans done ≤1 week after symptom onset), group 3 (>1 week to 2 weeks), and group 4 (>2 weeks to 3 weeks). Imaging features and their distribution were analysed and compared across the four groups. Findings: 81 patients admitted to hospital between Dec 20, 2019, and Jan 23, 2020, were retrospectively enrolled. The cohort included 42 (52%) men and 39 (48%) women, and the mean age was 49·5 years (SD 11·0). The mean number of involved lung segments was 10·5 (SD 6·4) overall, 2·8 (3·3) in group 1, 11·1 (5·4) in group 2, 13·0 (5·7) in group 3, and 12·1 (5·9) in group 4. The predominant pattern of abnormality observed was bilateral (64 [79%] patients), peripheral (44 [54%]), ill-defined (66 [81%]), and ground-glass opacification (53 [65%]), mainly involving the right lower lobes (225 [27%] of 849 affected segments). In group 1 (n=15), the predominant pattern was unilateral (nine [60%]) and multifocal (eight [53%]) ground-glass opacities (14 [93%]). Lesions quickly evolved to bilateral (19 [90%]), diffuse (11 [52%]) ground-glass opacity predominance (17 [81%]) in group 2 (n=21). Thereafter, the prevalence of ground-glass opacities continued to decrease (17 [57%] of 30 patients in group 3, and five [33%] of 15 in group 4), and consolidation and mixed patterns became more frequent (12 [40%] in group 3, eight [53%] in group 4). Interpretation: COVID-19 pneumonia manifests with chest CT imaging abnormalities, even in asymptomatic patients, with rapid evolution from focal unilateral to diffuse bilateral ground-glass opacities that progressed to or co-existed with consolidations within 1–3 weeks. Combining assessment of imaging features with clinical and laboratory findings could facilitate early diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia. Funding: None.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30086-4

RECORD 10
TITLE
  COVID-19 pneumonia: what has CT taught us?
AUTHOR NAMES
  Lee E.Y.P.;  Ng M.-Y.;  Khong P.-L.
SOURCE
  The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2020) 20:4 (384-385). Date of Publication: 1 Apr 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30134-1

RECORD 11
TITLE
  COVID-19 with spontaneous pneumomediastinum
AUTHOR NAMES
  Zhou C.;  Gao C.;  Xie Y.;  Xu M.
SOURCE
  The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2020) 20:4 (510). Date of Publication: 1 Apr 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30156-0

RECORD 12
TITLE
  Covid-19: A puzzle with many missing pieces
AUTHOR NAMES
  Vetter P.;  Eckerle I.;  Kaiser L.
SOURCE
  The BMJ (2020) 368 Article Number: m627. Date of Publication: 1 Feb 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m627

RECORD 13
TITLE
  CT imaging of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): From the qualitative to quantitative
AUTHOR NAMES
  Qi X.;  Lei J.;  Yu Q.;  Xi Y.;  Wang Y.;  Ju S.
SOURCE
  Annals of Translational Medicine (2020) 8:5 Article Number: 256. Date of Publication: 1 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/atm.2020.02.91

RECORD 14
TITLE
  Diagnosis of the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): rRT-PCR or CT?
AUTHOR NAMES
  Long C.;  Xu H.;  Shen Q.;  Zhang X.;  Fan B.;  Wang C.;  Zeng B.;  Li Z.;  Li X.;  Li H.
SOURCE
  European Journal of Radiology (2020) 126 Article Number: 108961. Date of Publication: 1 May 2020
ABSTRACT
  Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic value of computed tomography (CT) and real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) for COVID-19 pneumonia. Methods: This retrospective study included all patients with COVID-19 pneumonia suspicion, who were examined by both CT and rRT-PCR at initial presentation. The sensitivities of both tests were then compared. For patients with a final confirmed diagnosis, clinical and laboratory data, in addition to CT imaging findings were evaluated. Results: A total of 36 patients were finally diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia. Thirty-five patients had abnormal CT findings at presentation, whereas one patient had a normal CT. Using rRT-PCR, 30 patients were tested positive, with 6 cases initially missed. Amongst these 6 patients, 3 became positive in the second rRT-PCR assay(after 2 days, 2 days and 3 days respectively), and the other 3 became positive only in the third round of rRT-PCR tests(after 5 days, 6 days and 8 days respectively). At presentation, CT sensitivity was therefore 97.2%, whereas the sensitivity of initial rRT-PCR was only 83.3%. Conclusion: rRT-PCR may produce initial false negative results. We suggest that patients with typical CT findings but negative rRT-PCR results should be isolated, and rRT-PCR should be repeated to avoid misdiagnosis.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.108961

RECORD 15
TITLE
  High-resolution computed tomography manifestations of COVID-19 infections in patients of different ages
AUTHOR NAMES
  Chen Z.;  Fan H.;  Cai J.;  Li Y.;  Wu B.;  Hou Y.;  Xu S.;  Zhou F.;  Liu Y.;  Xuan W.;  Hu H.;  Sun J.
SOURCE
  European Journal of Radiology (2020) 126 Article Number: 108972. Date of Publication: 1 May 2020
ABSTRACT
  Purpose: We aimed to compare chest HRCT lung signs identified in scans of differently aged patients with COVID-19 infections. Methods: Case data of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 infection in Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province in China were collected, and chest HRCT signs of infected patients in four age groups (<18 years, 18–44 years, 45–59 years, ≥60 years) were compared. Results: Small patchy, ground-glass opacity (GGO), and consolidations were the main HRCT signs in 98 patients with confirmed COVID-19 infections. Patients aged 45–59 years and aged ≥60 years had more bilateral lung, lung lobe, and lung field involvement, and greater lesion numbers than patients <18 years. GGO accompanied with the interlobular septa thickening or a crazy-paving pattern, consolidation, and air bronchogram sign were more common in patients aged 45–59 years, and ≥60 years, than in those aged <18 years, and aged 18–44 years. Conclusions: Chest HRCT manifestations in patients with COVID-19 are related to patient’s age, and HRCT signs may be milder in younger patients.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.108972

RECORD 16
TITLE
  Frequency and Distribution of Chest Radiographic Findings in COVID-19 Positive Patients
AUTHOR NAMES
  Wong H.Y.F.;  Lam H.Y.S.;  Fong A.H.-T.;  Leung S.T.;  Chin T.W.-Y.;  Lo C.S.Y.;  Lui M.M.-S.;  Lee J.C.Y.;  Chiu K.W.-H.;  Chung T.;  Lee E.Y.P.;  Wan E.Y.F.;  Hung F.N.I.;  Lam T.P.W.;  Kuo M.;  Ng M.-Y.
SOURCE
  Radiology (2019) (201160). Date of Publication: 27 Mar 2019
ABSTRACT
  Background Current COVID-19 radiological literature is dominated by CT and a detailed description of chest x-ray (CXR) appearances in relation to the disease time course is lacking. Purpose To describe the time course and severity of the CXR findings of COVID-19 and correlate these with real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing for SARS-Cov-2 nucleic acid. Materials and Methods Retrospective study of COVID-19 patients with RT-PCR confirmation and CXRs admitted across 4 hospitals evaluated between January and March 2020. Baseline and serial CXRs (total 255 CXRs) were reviewed along with RT-PCRs. Correlation with concurrent CTs (total 28 CTs) was made when available. Two radiologists scored each CXR in consensus for: consolidation, ground glass opacity (GGO), location and pleural fluid. A severity index was determined for each lung. The lung scores were summed to produce the final severity score. Results There were 64 patients (26 men, mean age 56±19 years). Of these, 58, 44 and 38 patients had positive initial RT-PCR (91%, [CI: 81-96%]), abnormal baseline CXR (69%, [CI: 56-80%]) and positive initial RT-PCR with abnormal baseline CXR (59 [CI:46-71%]) respectively. Six patients (9%) showed CXR abnormalities before eventually testing positive on RT-PCR. Sensitivity of initial RT-PCR (91% [95% CI: 83-97%]) was higher than baseline CXR (69% [95% CI: 56-80%]) (p = 0.009). Radiographic (mean 6 ± 5 days) and virologic recovery (mean 8 ± 6 days) were not significantly different (p= 0.33). Consolidation was the most common finding (30/64, 47%), followed by GGO (21/64, 33%). CXR abnormalities had a peripheral (26/64, 41%) and lower zone distribution (32/64, 50%) with bilateral involvement (32/64, 50%). Pleural effusion was uncommon (2/64, 3%). The severity of CXR findings peaked at 10-12 days from the date of symptom onset. Conclusion Chest x-ray findings in COVID-19 patients frequently showed bilateral lower zone consolidation which peaked at 10-12 days from symptom onset.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020201160

RECORD 17
TITLE
  The Impact of COVID-19 on Radiology Trainees
AUTHOR NAMES
  Alvin M.D.;  George E.;  Deng F.;  Warhadpande S.;  Lee S.I.
SOURCE
  Radiology (2020) (201222). Date of Publication: 27 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020201222

RECORD 18
TITLE
  An update on COVID-19 for the radiologist – A British society of Thoracic Imaging statement
AUTHOR NAMES
  Rodrigues J.C.L.;  Hare S.S.;  Edey A.;  Devaraj A.;  Jacob J.;  Johnstone A.;  McStay R.;  Nair A.;  Robinson G.
SOURCE
  Clinical radiology (2020). Date of Publication: 23 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crad.2020.03.003

RECORD 19
TITLE
  The role of CT in case ascertainment and management of COVID-19 pneumonia in the UK: insights from high-incidence regions
AUTHOR NAMES
  Chua F.;  Armstrong-James D.;  Desai S.R.;  Barnett J.;  Kouranos V.;  Kon O.M.;  José R.;  Vancheeswaran R.;  Loebinger M.R.;  Wong J.;  Cutino-Moguel M.T.;  Morgan C.;  Ledot S.;  Lams B.;  Yip W.H.;  Li L.;  Lee Y.C.;  Draper A.;  Kho S.S.;  Renzoni E.;  Ward K.;  Periselneris J.;  Grubnic S.;  Lipman M.;  Wells A.U.;  Devaraj A.
SOURCE
  The Lancet. Respiratory medicine (2020). Date of Publication: 25 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30132-6

RECORD 20
TITLE
  Deep Learning Localization of Pneumonia: 2019 Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak
AUTHOR NAMES
  Hurt B.;  Kligerman S.;  Hsiao A.
SOURCE
  Journal of Thoracic Imaging (2020). Date of Publication: 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/RTI.0000000000000512

RECORD 21
TITLE
  2019 novel coronavirus (Covid-19) pneumonia: Serial computed tomography findings
AUTHOR NAMES
  Wei J.;  Xu H.;  Xiong J.;  Shen Q.;  Fan B.;  Ye C.;  Dong W.;  Hu F.
SOURCE
  Korean Journal of Radiology (2020) 21:4 (494-497). Date of Publication: 1 Apr 2020
ABSTRACT
  From December 2019, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia (formerly known as the 2019 novel Coronavirus [2019-nCoV]) broke out in Wuhan, China. In this study, we present serial CT findings in a 40-year-old female patient with COVID-19 pneumonia who presented with the symptoms of fever, chest tightness, and fatigue. She was diagnosed with COVID-19 infection confirmed by real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. CT showed rapidly progressing peripheral consolidations and ground-glass opacities in both lungs. After treatment, the lesions were shown to be almost absorbed leaving the fibrous lesions.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2020.0112

RECORD 22
TITLE
  Safe patient transport for COVID-19
AUTHOR NAMES
  Liew M.F.;  Siow W.T.;  Yau Y.W.;  See K.C.
SOURCE
  Critical Care (2020) 24:1 Article Number: 94. Date of Publication: 18 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13054-020-2828-4

RECORD 23
TITLE
  Clinical features and chest CT findings of coronavirus disease 2019 in infants and young children
AUTHOR NAMES
  Zhou Y.;  Yang G.-D.;  Feng K.;  Huang H.;  Yun Y.-X.;  Mou X.-Y.;  Wang L.-F.
SOURCE
  Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics (2020) 22:3 (215-220). Date of Publication: 1 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical features and chest CT findings of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in infants and young children. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data and chest CT images of 9 children, aged 0 to 3 years, who were diagnosed with COVID-19 by nucleic acid detection between January 20 and February 10, 2020. RESULTS: All 9 children had an epidemiological history, and family clustering was observed for all infected children. Among the 9 children with COVID-19, 5 had no symptoms, 4 had fever, 2 had cough, and 1 had rhinorrhea. There were only symptoms of the respiratory system. Laboratory examination showed no reductions in leukocyte or lymphocyte count. Among the 9 children, 6 had an increase in lymphocyte count and 2 had an increase in leukocyte count. CT examination showed that among the 9 children, 8 had pulmonary inflammation located below the pleura or near the interlobar fissure and 3 had lesions distributed along the bronchovascular bundles. As for the morphology of the lesions, 6 had nodular lesions and 7 had patchy lesions; ground glass opacity with consolidation was observed in 6 children, among whom 3 had halo sign, and there was no typical paving stone sign. CONCLUSIONS: Infants and young children with COVID-19 tend to have mild clinical symptoms and imaging findings not as typical as those of adults, and therefore, the diagnosis of COVID-19 should be made based on imaging findings along with epidemiological history and nucleic acid detection. Chest CT has guiding significance for the early diagnosis of asymptomatic children.

RECORD 24
TITLE
  CT imaging features of patients with different clinical types of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AUTHOR NAMES
  Zhong Q.;  Li Z.;  Shen X.;  Xu K.;  Shen Y.;  Fang Q.;  Chen F.;  Liang T.
SOURCE
  Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences (2020) 49:1 (0). Date of Publication: 25 May 2020
ABSTRACT
  OBJECTIVE: To analyze the CT findings of patients with different clinical types of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: A total of 67 patients diagnosed as COVID-19 by nucleic acid testing were included and divided into 4 groups according to the clinical staging based on Diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia (Trial version 6). The CT imaging characteristics were analyzed among patients with different clinical types. RESULTS: Among 67 patients, 3 (4.5%) were mild cases, 35 (52.2%) were ordinary cases, 22 (32.8%) were severe cases, and 7 (10.4%) were critically ill. There were no abnormal CT findings in mild cases. In 35 ordinary cases, there were single lesions in 3 cases (8.6%) and multiple lesions in 33 cases (91.4%), while in severe case 1 case had single lesion (4.5%) and 21 had multiple lesions (95.5%). CT images of ordinary patients were mainly manifested as solid plaque shadow and halo sign (18/35, 51.4%); while fibrous strip shadow with ground glass shadow was more frequent in severe cases (7/22, 31.8%). Consolidation shadow as the main lesion was observed in 7 cases, and all of them were severe or critical ill patients. CONCLUSIONS: CT images in patients with different clinical types of COVID-19 have characteristic manifestations, and solid shadow may predict severe and critical illness.

RECORD 25
TITLE
  Cardiac Involvement in a Patient with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AUTHOR NAMES
  Inciardi R.M.;  Lupi L.;  Zaccone G.;  Italia L.;  Raffo M.;  Tomasoni D.;  Cani D.S.;  Cerini M.;  Farina D.;  Gavazzi E.;  Maroldi R.;  Adamo M.;  Ammirati E.;  Sinagra G.;  Lombardi C.M.;  Metra M.
SOURCE
  JAMA Cardiology (2020). Date of Publication: 2020
ABSTRACT
  Importance: Virus infection has been widely described as one of the most common causes of myocarditis. However, less is known about the cardiac involvement as a complication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Objective: To describe the presentation of acute myocardial inflammation in a patient with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who recovered from the influenzalike syndrome and developed fatigue and signs and symptoms of heart failure a week after upper respiratory tract symptoms. Design, Setting, and Participant: This case report describes an otherwise healthy 53-year-old woman who tested positive for COVID-19 and was admitted to the cardiac care unit in March 2020 for acute myopericarditis with systolic dysfunction, confirmed on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, the week after onset of fever and dry cough due to COVID-19. The patient did not show any respiratory involvement during the clinical course. Exposure: Cardiac involvement with COVID-19. Main Outcomes and Measures: Detection of cardiac involvement with an increase in levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and high-sensitivity troponin T, echocardiography changes, and diffuse biventricular myocardial edema and late gadolinium enhancement on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Results: An otherwise healthy 53-year-old white woman presented to the emergency department with severe fatigue. She described fever and dry cough the week before. She was afebrile but hypotensive; electrocardiography showed diffuse ST elevation, and elevated high-sensitivity troponin T and NT-proBNP levels were detected. Findings on chest radiography were normal. There was no evidence of obstructive coronary disease on coronary angiography. Based on the COVID-19 outbreak, a nasopharyngeal swab was performed, with a positive result for SARS-CoV-2 on real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging showed increased wall thickness with diffuse biventricular hypokinesis, especially in the apical segments, and severe left ventricular dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction of 35%). Short tau inversion recovery and T2-mapping sequences showed marked biventricular myocardial interstitial edema, and there was also diffuse late gadolinium enhancement involving the entire biventricular wall. There was a circumferential pericardial effusion that was most notable around the right cardiac chambers. These findings were all consistent with acute myopericarditis. She was treated with dobutamine, antiviral drugs (lopinavir/ritonavir), steroids, chloroquine, and medical treatment for heart failure, with progressive clinical and instrumental stabilization. Conclusions and Relevance: This case highlights cardiac involvement as a complication associated with COVID-19, even without symptoms and signs of interstitial pneumonia..
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1096

RECORD 26
TITLE
  CT image visual quantitative evaluation and clinical classification of coronavirus disease (COVID-19)
AUTHOR NAMES
  Li K.;  Fang Y.;  Li W.;  Pan C.;  Qin P.;  Zhong Y.;  Liu X.;  Huang M.;  Liao Y.;  Li S.
SOURCE
  European radiology (2020). Date of Publication: 25 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  OBJECTIVES: To explore the relationship between the imaging manifestations and clinical classification of COVID-19. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective single-center study on patients with COVID-19 from Jan. 18, 2020 to Feb. 7, 2020 in Zhuhai, China. Patients were divided into 3 types based on Chinese guideline: mild (patients with minimal symptoms and negative CT findings), common, and severe-critical (patients with positive CT findings and different extent of clinical manifestations). CT visual quantitative evaluation was based on summing up the acute lung inflammatory lesions involving each lobe, which was scored as 0 (0%), 1 (1-25%), 2 (26-50%), 3 (51-75%), or 4 (76-100%), respectively. The total severity score (TSS) was reached by summing the five lobe scores. The consistency of two observers was evaluated. The TSS was compared with the clinical classification. ROC was used to test the diagnosis ability of TSS for severe-critical type. RESULTS: This study included 78 patients, 38 males and 40 females. There were 24 mild (30.8%), 46 common (59.0%), and 8 severe-critical (10.2%) cases, respectively. The median TSS of severe-critical-type group was significantly higher than common type (p < 0.001). The ICC value of the two observers was 0.976 (95% CI 0.962-0.985). ROC analysis showed the area under the curve (AUC) of TSS for diagnosing severe-critical type was 0.918. The TSS cutoff of 7.5 had 82.6% sensitivity and 100% specificity. CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of clinical mild-type patients with COVID-19 was relatively high; CT was not suitable for independent screening tool. The CT visual quantitative analysis has high consistency and can reflect the clinical classification of COVID-19. KEY POINTS: • CT visual quantitative evaluation has high consistency (ICC value of 0.976) among the observers. The median TSS of severe-critical type group was significantly higher than common type (p < 0.001). • ROC analysis showed the area under the curve (AUC) of TSS for diagnosing severe-critical type was 0.918 (95% CI 0.843-0.994). The TSS cutoff of 7.5 had 82.6% sensitivity and 100% specificity. • The proportion of confirmed COVID-19 patients with normal chest CT was relatively high (30.8%); CT was not a suitable screening modality.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00330-020-06817-6

RECORD 27
TITLE
  CT morphology of COVID-19: Case report and review of literature
AUTHOR NAMES
  Hamer O.W.;  Salzberger B.;  Gebauer J.;  Stroszczynski C.;  Pfeifer M.
SOURCE
  RoFo : Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Rontgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin (2020). Date of Publication: 26 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1142-4094

RECORD 28
TITLE
  Clinical and CT features of early-stage patients with COVID-19: a retrospective analysis of imported cases in Shanghai, China
AUTHOR NAMES
  Yang S.;  Shi Y.;  Lu H.;  Xu J.;  Li F.;  Qian Z.;  Hua X.;  Ding X.;  Song F.;  Shen J.;  Lu Y.;  Shan F.;  Zhang Z.
SOURCE
  The European respiratory journal (2020). Date of Publication: 26 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00407-2020

RECORD 29
TITLE
  Clinical Study and CT Findings of a Familial Cluster of Pneumonia with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AUTHOR NAMES
  Li C.-X.;  Wu B.;  Luo F.;  Zhang N.
SOURCE
  Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition (2020) 51:2 (155-158). Date of Publication: 1 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  We studied the epidemiological and clinical data collected from a family with 5 people, in which there were 3 family member diagnosed as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We found that the first patient in this family had Wuhan city travel history. Close contact in daily life was the route of infection. The most common symptoms were fever, cough and weakness. Characteristic imaging changes were found with grass opacity (GGO), consolidation and septal thickening mainly distributed in peripheral and posterior area by thoracic CT scan in the 3 patients. The abnormality in laborotary test included lower white blood cell count, neutrophil count and lymphocyte count，increasing fibrinogen and C-reactive protein，decreasing myohaemoglobin and increasing lactate dehydrogenase. The epidemiological and clinical features could provide quicker diagnosis and better management for the COVID-19 infected patients.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.12182/20200360107

RECORD 30
TITLE
  Imaging manifestations and diagnostic value of chest CT of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the Xiaogan area
AUTHOR NAMES
  Wang K.;  Kang S.;  Tian R.;  Zhang X.;  Wang Y.
SOURCE
  Clinical Radiology (2020). Date of Publication: 2020
ABSTRACT
  AIM: To report the epidemiological, clinical, and radiological characteristics of patients with COVID-19 in Xiaogan, Hubei, China. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The complete clinical and imaging data of 114 confirmed COVID-19 patients treated in Xiaogan Hospital were analysed retrospectively. Data were gathered regarding the presence of chest computed tomography (CT) abnormalities; the distribution, morphology, density, location, and stage of abnormal shadows on chest CT; and observing the correlation between the severity of chest infection and lymphocyte ratio and blood oxygen saturation (SPO₂) in patients. RESULTS: Chest CT revealed abnormal lung shadows in 110 patients. Regarding lesion distribution, multi-lobe lesions in both lungs were present in most patients (80 cases; 72.7%). Lesions most frequently involved both the peripheral zone and the central zone (62 cases; 56.4%). Regarding lesion morphology, 56 cases (50.1%) demonstrated patchy shadows that were partially fused into large areas. Thirty cases showed ground-glass opacity (27.3%), 30 cases showed the consolidation change (27.3%), and the remaining 50 cases showed both types of changes (45.4%). The progressing stage was the most common stage (54 cases; 49.1%). CT results showed a negative correlation with SPO₂ and lymphocyte numbers (p<0.05), with r-values of −0.446 and −0.780, respectively. CONCLUSION: Spiral CT is a sensitive examination method, which can be applied to make an early diagnosis and for evaluation of progression, with a diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy better than that of nucleic acid detection.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crad.2020.03.004

RECORD 31
TITLE
  Key Considerations for Radiologists When Diagnosing the Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
AUTHOR NAMES
  Lei P.;  Mao J.;  Huang Z.;  Liu G.;  Wang P.;  Song W.
SOURCE
  Korean journal of radiology (2020). Date of Publication: 20 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2020.0190

RECORD 32
TITLE
  Mediastinal Emphysema, Giant Bulla, and Pneumothorax Developed during the Course of COVID-19 Pneumonia
AUTHOR NAMES
  Sun R.;  Liu H.;  Wang X.
SOURCE
  Korean journal of radiology (2020). Date of Publication: 20 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia is a recent outbreak in mainland China and has rapidly spread to multiple countries worldwide. Pulmonary parenchymal opacities are often observed during chest radiography. Currently, few cases have reported the complications of severe COVID-19 pneumonia. We report a case where serial follow-up chest computed tomography revealed progression of pulmonary lesions into confluent bilateral consolidation with lower lung predominance, thereby confirming COVID-19 pneumonia. Furthermore, complications such as mediastinal emphysema, giant bulla, and pneumothorax were also observed during the course of the disease.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2020.0180

RECORD 33
TITLE
  Erratum: A Patient with COVID-19 Presenting a False-Negative Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Result (Korean journal of radiology (2020) 21 4 (505-508))
AUTHOR NAMES
  Chen Z.;  Li Y.;  Wu B.;  Hou Y.;  Bao J.;  Deng X.
SOURCE
  Korean journal of radiology (2020). Date of Publication: 20 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2020.0195

RECORD 34
TITLE
  Novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2: familial spread resulting in COVID-19 pneumonia in a pediatric patient
AUTHOR NAMES
  An P.;  Zhang M.
SOURCE
  Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey) (2020). Date of Publication: 25 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.5152/dir.2020.20157

RECORD 35
TITLE
  Management strategy of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia in the radiology department: a Chinese experience
AUTHOR NAMES
  An P.;  Ye Y.;  Chen M.;  Chen Y.;  Fan W.;  Wang Y.
SOURCE
  Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey) (2020). Date of Publication: 25 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.5152/dir.2020.20167

RECORD 36
TITLE
  Coronavirus disease 2019: initial chest CT findings
AUTHOR NAMES
  Zhou Z.;  Guo D.;  Li C.;  Fang Z.;  Chen L.;  Yang R.;  Li X.;  Zeng W.
SOURCE
  European radiology (2020). Date of Publication: 24 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  OBJECTIVES: To systematically analyze CT findings during the early and progressive stages of natural course of coronavirus disease 2019 and also to explore possible changes in pulmonary parenchymal abnormalities during these two stages. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the initial chest CT data of 62 confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 patients (34 men, 28 women; age range 20-91 years old) who did not receive any antiviral treatment between January 21 and February 4, 2020, in Chongqing, China. Patients were assigned to the early-stage group (onset of symptoms within 4 days) or progressive-stage group (onset of symptoms within 4-7 days) for analysis. CT characteristics and the distribution, size, and CT score of pulmonary parenchymal abnormalities were assessed. RESULTS: In our study, the major characteristic of coronavirus disease 2019 was ground-glass opacity (61.3%), followed by ground-glass opacity with consolidation (35.5%), rounded opacities (25.8%), a crazy-paving pattern (25.8%), and an air bronchogram (22.6%). No patient presented cavitation, a reticular pattern, or bronchial wall thickening. The CT scores of the progressive-stage group were significantly greater than those of the early-stage group (p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: Multiple ground-glass opacities with consolidations in the periphery of the lungs were the primary CT characteristic of coronavirus disease 2019. CT score can be used to evaluate the severity of the disease. If these typical alterations are found, then the differential diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 must be considered. KEY POINTS: • Multiple GGOs with consolidations in the periphery of the lungs were the primary CT characteristic of COVID-19. • The halo sign may be a special CT feature in the early-stage COVID-19 patients. • Significantly increased CT score may indicate the aggravation of COVID-19 in the progressive stage.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00330-020-06816-7

RECORD 37
TITLE
  A UK-wide British Society of Thoracic Imaging COVID-19 imaging repository and database: design, rationale and implications for education and research
AUTHOR NAMES
  Hare S.S.;  Rodrigues J.C.L.;  Jacob J.;  Edey A.;  Devaraj A.;  Johnstone A.;  McStay R.;  Nair A.;  Robinson G.
SOURCE
  Clinical Radiology (2020). Date of Publication: 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crad.2020.03.005

RECORD 38
TITLE
  First Pediatric Case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Korea
AUTHOR NAMES
  Park J.Y.;  Han M.S.;  Park K.U.;  Kim J.Y.;  Choi E.H.
SOURCE
  Journal of Korean medical science (2020) 35:11 (e124). Date of Publication: 23 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  The large outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that started in Wuhan, China has now spread to many countries worldwide. Current epidemiologic knowledge suggests that relatively few cases are seen among children, which limits opportunities to address pediatric specific issues on infection control and the children’s contribution to viral spread in the community. Here, we report the first pediatric case of COVID-19 in Korea. The 10-year-old girl was a close contact of her uncle and her mother who were confirmed to have COVID-19. In this report, we present mild clinical course of her pneumonia that did not require antiviral treatment and serial viral test results from multiple specimens. Lastly, we raise concerns on the optimal strategy of self-quarantine and patient care in a negative isolation room for children.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e124

RECORD 39
TITLE
  Don’t overlook digestive symptoms in patients with 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19)
AUTHOR NAMES
  Luo S.;  Zhang X.;  Xu H.
SOURCE
  Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association (2020). Date of Publication: 20 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2020.03.043

RECORD 40
TITLE
  The Battle Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Emergency Management and Infection Control in a Radiology Department
AUTHOR NAMES
  Huang Z.;  Zhao S.;  Li Z.;  Chen W.;  Zhao L.;  Deng L.;  Song B.
SOURCE
  Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR (2020). Date of Publication: 21 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  OBJECTIVE: To describe the strategy and the emergency management and infection control procedures of our radiology department during the COVID-19 outbreak. METHODS: We set up emergency management and sensing control teams. The team formulated various measures, such as reconfiguration of the radiology department, personal protection and staff training, standardized imaging examination procedures for fever patients and common patients, and so on. RESULTS: From January 21 to March 9, 3,083 people underwent fever-CT examinations. Including the initial examination and reexamination, the total number of fever CT examination is 3,340. As a result of our precautions, none of the staff of the radiology department was infected with COVID-19. CONCLUSION: Strategic planning and adequate protections can help protect patients and staff against a highly infectious disease while allow normal functioning at a high-volume capacity.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2020.03.011

RECORD 41
TITLE
  Novel Screening and Triage Strategy in Iran During Deadly COVID-19 Epidemic; Value of Humanitarian Teleconsultation Service
AUTHOR NAMES
  Davarpanah A.H.;  Mahdavi A.;  Sabri A.;  Langroudi T.F.;  Kahkouee S.;  Haseli S.;  Kazemi M.A.;  Mehrian P.;  Mahdavi A.;  Falahati F.;  Tuchayi A.M.;  Bakhshayeshkaram M.;  Taheri M.S.
SOURCE
  Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR (2020). Date of Publication: 20 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2020.03.015

RECORD 42
TITLE
  COVID-19 & Beyond: Micro-practices for Burnout Prevention and Emotional Wellness
AUTHOR NAMES
  Fessell D.;  Cherniss C.
SOURCE
  Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR (2020). Date of Publication: 23 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2020.03.013

RECORD 43
TITLE
  Radiology Perspective of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Lessons From Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome
AUTHOR NAMES
  Hosseiny M.;  Kooraki S.;  Gholamrezanezhad A.;  Reddy S.;  Myers L.
SOURCE
  AJR. American journal of roentgenology (2020) (1-5). Date of Publication: 28 Feb 2020
ABSTRACT
  OBJECTIVE. Since the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pulmonary illness coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China, more than 79,000 people have contracted the virus worldwide. The virus is rapidly spreading with human-to-human transmission despite imposed precautions. Because similar pulmonary syndromes have been reported from other strains of the coronavirus family, our aim is to review the lessons from imaging studies obtained during severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) outbreaks. CONCLUSION. The review of experiences with the MERS and SARS outbreaks will help us better understand the role of the radiologist in combating the outbreak of COVID-19. The known imaging manifestations of the novel coronavirus and the possible unknowns will also be discussed.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/AJR.20.22969

RECORD 44
TITLE
  The role of CT for Covid-19 patient’s management remains poorly Defined
AUTHOR NAMES
  Wang X.Y.J.;  Hong Liu W.;  Yang M.;  Chen W.
SOURCE
  Annals of Translational Medicine (2020) 8:4. Date of Publication: 1 Feb 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/atm.2020.02.71

RECORD 45
TITLE
  Comprehensive analysis for diagnosis of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection
AUTHOR NAMES
  Lei P.;  Fan B.;  Mao J.;  Wang P.
SOURCE
  The Journal of infection (2020). Date of Publication: 19 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.016

RECORD 46
TITLE
  The evolution of CT characteristics in the patients with COVID-19 pneumonia
AUTHOR NAMES
  Lei P.;  Fan B.;  Yuan Y.
SOURCE
  The Journal of infection (2020). Date of Publication: 19 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.014

RECORD 47
TITLE
  Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Spectrum of CT Findings and Temporal Progression of the Disease
AUTHOR NAMES
  Li M.;  Lei P.;  Zeng B.;  Li Z.;  Yu P.;  Fan B.;  Wang C.;  Li Z.;  Zhou J.;  Hu S.;  Liu H.
SOURCE
  Academic Radiology (2020). Date of Publication: 2020
ABSTRACT
  Coronavirus disease is an emerging infection caused by a novel coronavirus that is moving rapidly. High resolution computed tomography (CT) allows objective evaluation of the lung lesions, thus enabling us to better understand the pathogenesis of the disease. With serial CT examinations, the occurrence, development, and prognosis of the disease can be better understood. The imaging can be sorted into four phases: early phase, progressive phase, severe phase, and dissipative phase. The CT appearance of each phase and temporal progression of the imaging findings are demonstrated.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2020.03.003

RECORD 48
TITLE
  Clinical and CT imaging features of the COVID-19 pneumonia: Focus on pregnant women and children
AUTHOR NAMES
  Liu H.;  Liu F.;  Li J.;  Zhang T.;  Wang D.;  Lan W.
SOURCE
  Journal of Infection (2020). Date of Publication: 2020
ABSTRACT
  Background: The ongoing outbreak of COVID-19 pneumonia is globally concerning. We aimed to investigate the clinical and CT features in the pregnant women and children with this disease, which have not been well reported. Methods: Clinical and CT data of 59 patients with COVID-19 from January 27 to February 14, 2020 were retrospectively reviewed, including 14 laboratory-confirmed non-pregnant adults, 16 laboratory-confirmed and 25 clinically-diagnosed pregnant women, and 4 laboratory-confirmed children. The clinical and CT features were analyzed and compared. Findings: Compared with the non-pregnant adults group (n = 14), initial normal body temperature (9 [56%] and 16 [64%]), leukocytosis (8 [50%] and 9 [36%]) and elevated neutrophil ratio (14 [88%] and 20 [80%]), and lymphopenia (9 [56%] and 16 [64%]) were more common in the laboratory-confirmed (n = 16) and clinically-diagnosed (n = 25) pregnant groups. Totally 614 lesions were detected with predominantly peripheral and bilateral distributions in 54 (98%) and 37 (67%) patients, respectively. Pure ground-glass opacity (GGO) was the predominant presence in 94/131 (72%) lesions for the non-pregnant adults. Mixed consolidation and complete consolidation were more common in the laboratory-confirmed (70/161 [43%]) and clinically-diagnosed (153/322 [48%]) pregnant groups than 37/131 (28%) in the non-pregnant adults (P = 0·007, P < 0·001). GGO with reticulation was less common in 9/161 (6%) and 16/322 (5%) lesions for the two pregnant groups than 24/131 (18%) for the non-pregnant adults (P = 0·001, P < 0·001). The pulmonary involvement in children with COVID-19 was mild with a focal GGO or consolidation. Twenty-three patients underwent follow-up CT, revealing progression in 9/13 (69%) at 3 days whereas improvement in 8/10 (80%) at 6–9 days after initial CT scans. Interpretation: Atypical clinical findings of pregnant women with COVID-19 could increase the difficulty in initial identification. Consolidation was more common in the pregnant groups. The clinically-diagnosed cases were vulnerable to more pulmonary involvement. CT was the modality of choice for early detection, severity assessment, and timely therapeutic effects evaluation for the cases with epidemic and clinical features of COVID-19 with or without laboratory confirmation. The exposure history and clinical symptoms were more helpful for screening in children versus chest CT.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.007

RECORD 49
TITLE
  COVID-19 in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
AUTHOR NAMES
  Jin X.-H.;  Zheng K.I.;  Pan K.-H.;  Xie Y.-P.;  Zheng M.-H.
SOURCE
  The Lancet Haematology (2020) 7:4 (e351-e352). Date of Publication: 1 Apr 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2352-3026(20)30074-0

RECORD 50
TITLE
  Alert for non-respiratory symptoms of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in epidemic period: A case report of familial cluster with three asymptomatic COVID-19 patients
AUTHOR NAMES
  Lu S.;  Lin J.;  Zhang Z.;  Xiao L.;  Jiang Z.;  Chen J.;  Hu C.;  Luo S.
SOURCE
  Journal of medical virology (2020). Date of Publication: 19 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  At present, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is rampaging around the world. However, asymptomatic carriers intensified the difficulty of prevention and management. Here we reported the screening, clinical feathers, and treatment process of a family cluster involving three COVID-19 patients. The discovery of the first asymptomatic carrier in this family cluster depends on the repeated and comprehensive epidemiological investigation by disease control experts. In addition, the combination of multiple detection methods can help clinicians find asymptomatic carriers as early as possible. In conclusion, the prevention and control experience of this family cluster showed that comprehensive rigorous epidemiological investigation and combination of multiple detection methods were of great value for the detection of hidden asymptomatic carriers. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25776

RECORD 51
TITLE
  COVID-19 pneumonia: infection control protocol inside computed tomography suites
AUTHOR NAMES
  Nakajima K.;  Kato H.;  Yamashiro T.;  Izumi T.;  Takeuchi I.;  Nakajima H.;  Utsunomiya D.
SOURCE
  Japanese journal of radiology (2020). Date of Publication: 17 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  A novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) causes a cluster of pneumonia cases in Wuhan, China. It spread rapidly and globally. CT imaging is helpful for the evaluation of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. Infection control inside the CT suites is also important to prevent hospital-related transmission of COVID-19. We present our experience with infection control protocol for COVID-19 inside the CT suites.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11604-020-00948-y

RECORD 52
TITLE
  CT image of novel coronavirus pneumonia: a case report
AUTHOR NAMES
  Zhang X.;  Song W.;  Liu X.;  Lyu L.
SOURCE
  Japanese journal of radiology (2020). Date of Publication: 18 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  OBJECTIVE: Knowledge of CT characteristics of COVID-19 pneumonia might be helpful to the early diagnosis and treatment of patients, and to control the spread of infection. METHODS: The chest CT images of the patient were collected to describe the CT manifestations and characteristics, and they were compared with the previous studies. RESULTS: Multiple patchy ground-glass opacities (GGOs) were seen in bilateral lung, mostly in subpleural areas. They progressed within 3 days, and nodular GGOs were also seen together with subpleural patchy GGOs. CONCLUSION: Our case of COVID-19 pneumonia showed multiple subpleural GGOs in bilateral lung, rapid progression, and it also accompanied nodular GGOs on chest CT. These findings were consistent with the previous reports, and they might be useful for early detection and evaluation of severity of COVID-19 pneumonia.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11604-020-00945-1

RECORD 53
TITLE
  Artificial Intelligence Distinguishes COVID-19 from Community Acquired Pneumonia on Chest CT
AUTHOR NAMES
  Li L.;  Qin L.;  Xu Z.;  Yin Y.;  Wang X.;  Kong B.;  Bai J.;  Lu Y.;  Fang Z.;  Song Q.;  Cao K.;  Liu D.;  Wang G.;  Xu Q.;  Fang X.;  Zhang S.;  Xia J.;  Xia J.
SOURCE
  Radiology (2020) (200905). Date of Publication: 19 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  Background Coronavirus disease has widely spread all over the world since the beginning of 2020. It is desirable to develop automatic and accurate detection of COVID-19 using chest CT. Purpose To develop a fully automatic framework to detect COVID-19 using chest CT and evaluate its performances. Materials and Methods In this retrospective and multi-center study, a deep learning model, COVID-19 detection neural network (COVNet), was developed to extract visual features from volumetric chest CT exams for the detection of COVID-19. Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) and other non-pneumonia CT exams were included to test the robustness of the model. The datasets were collected from 6 hospitals between August 2016 and February 2020. Diagnostic performance was assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity. Results The collected dataset consisted of 4356 chest CT exams from 3,322 patients. The average age is 49±15 years and there were slightly more male patients than female (1838 vs 1484; p-value=0.29). The per-exam sensitivity and specificity for detecting COVID-19 in the independent test set was 114 of 127 (90% [95% CI: 83%, 94%]) and 294 of 307 (96% [95% CI: 93%, 98%]), respectively, with an AUC of 0.96 (p-value<0.001). The per-exam sensitivity and specificity for detecting CAP in the independent test set was 87% (152 of 175) and 92% (239 of 259), respectively, with an AUC of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.93, 0.97). Conclusions A deep learning model can accurately detect COVID-19 and differentiate it from community acquired pneumonia and other lung diseases.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020200905

RECORD 54
TITLE
  Temporal Changes of CT Findings in 90 Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Longitudinal Study
AUTHOR NAMES
  Wang Y.;  Dong C.;  Hu Y.;  Li C.;  Ren Q.;  Zhang X.;  Shi H.;  Zhou M.
SOURCE
  Radiology (2020) (200843). Date of Publication: 19 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  Background CT may play a central role in the diagnosis and management of COVID-19 pneumonia. Purpose To perform a longitudinal study to analyze the serial CT findings over time in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Materials and Methods During January 16 to February 17, 2020, 90 patients (male:female, 33:57; mean age, 45 years) with COVID-19 pneumonia were prospectively enrolled and followed up until they were discharged or died, or until the end of the study. A total of 366 CT scans were acquired and reviewed by 2 groups of radiologists for the patterns and distribution of lung abnormalities, total CT scores and number of zones involved. Those features were analyzed for temporal change. Results CT scores and number of zones involved progressed rapidly, peaked during illness days 6-11 (median: 5 and 5), and followed by persistence of high levels. The predominant pattern of abnormalities after symptom onset was ground-glass opacity (35/78 [45%] to 49/79 [62%] in different periods). The percentage of mixed pattern peaked (30/78 [38%]) on illness days 12-17, and became the second most predominant pattern thereafter. Pure ground-glass opacity was the most prevalent sub-type of ground-glass opacity after symptom onset (20/50 [40%] to 20/28 [71%]). The percentage of ground-glass opacity with irregular linear opacity peaked on illness days 6-11 (14/50 [28%)]) and became the second most prevalent subtype thereafter. The distribution of lesions was predominantly bilateral and subpleural. 66/70 (94%) patients discharged had residual disease on final CT scans (median CT scores and zones involved: 4 and 4), with ground-glass opacity (42/70 [60%]) and pure ground-glass opacity (31/42 [74%]) the most common pattern and subtype. Conclusion The extent of lung abnormalities on CT peaked during illness days 6-11. The temporal changes of the diverse CT manifestations followed a specific pattern, which might indicate the progression and recovery of the illness.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020200843

RECORD 55
TITLE
  Computed Tomography Manifestations of 5 Cases of the Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pneumonia From Patients Outside Wuhan
AUTHOR NAMES
  Lu T.;  Pu H.
SOURCE
  Journal of thoracic imaging (2020). Date of Publication: 17 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  Clinical, laboratory, and computed tomography (CT) findings of 5 cases of the novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia from patients outside of Wuhan were reviewed. The human-to-human transmission of the virus may explain the infection of the disease outside of Wuhan. CT examination is important in the early detection and follow-up of the disease. With a history of exposure or travelling, symptoms of fever and cough, and the typical CT manifestation such as ground-glass opacity with a peripheral distribution, we should also think of the possibility of the COVID-19 pneumonia in patients outside of Wuhan.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/RTI.0000000000000508

RECORD 56
TITLE
  CT appearance of severe, laboratory-proven coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a Caucasian patient in Berlin, Germany
AUTHOR NAMES
  Gross A.;  Thiemig D.;  Koch F.-W.;  Schwarz M.;  Gläser S.;  Albrecht T.
SOURCE
  RoFo : Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Rontgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin (2020). Date of Publication: 19 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1138-8783

RECORD 57
TITLE
  Chest CT manifestations of new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a pictorial review
AUTHOR NAMES
  Ye Z.;  Zhang Y.;  Wang Y.;  Huang Z.;  Song B.
SOURCE
  European radiology (2020). Date of Publication: 19 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, first reported in Wuhan, China, has rapidly swept around the world just within a month, causing global public health emergency. In diagnosis, chest computed tomography (CT) manifestations can supplement parts of limitations of real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. Based on a comprehensive literature review and the experience in the frontline, we aim to review the typical and relatively atypical CT manifestations with representative COVID-19 cases at our hospital, and hope to strengthen the recognition of these features with radiologists and help them make a quick and accurate diagnosis.Key Points • Ground glass opacities, consolidation, reticular pattern, and crazy paving pattern are typical CT manifestations of COVID-19. • Emerging atypical CT manifestations, including airway changes, pleural changes, fibrosis, nodules, etc., were demonstrated in COVID-19 patients. • CT manifestations may associate with the progression and prognosis of COVID-19.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00330-020-06801-0

RECORD 58
TITLE
  Eleven Faces of Coronavirus Disease 2019
AUTHOR NAMES
  Dong X.;  Cao Y.-Y.;  Lu X.-X.;  Zhang J.-J.;  Du H.;  Yan Y.-Q.;  Akdis C.A.;  Gao Y.-D.
SOURCE
  Allergy (2020). Date of Publication: 20 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has recently spread worldwide and been declared a pandemic. We aim to describe here the various clinical presentations of this disease by examining eleven cases. METHODS: Electronic medical records of 11 patients with COVID-19 were collected and demographics, clinical manifestations, outcomes, key laboratory results, and radiological images are discussed. RESULTS: The clinical course of the eleven cases demonstrated the complexity of the COVID-19 profile with different clinical presentations. Clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic cases to patients with mild and severe symptoms, with or without pneumonia. Laboratory detection of the viral nucleic acid can yield false-negative results, and serological testing of virus specific IgG and IgM antibodies should be used as an alternative for diagnosis. Patients with common allergic diseases did not develop distinct symptoms and severe courses. Cases with a pre-existing condition of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or complicated with a secondary bacterial pneumonia were more severe. CONCLUSION: All different clinical characteristics of COVID-19 should be taken into consideration to identify patients that need to be in strict quarantine for the efficient containment of the pandemic.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/all.14289

RECORD 59
TITLE
  CT manifestations of coronavirus disease-2019: A retrospective analysis of 73 cases by disease severity
AUTHOR NAMES
  Liu K.-C.;  Xu P.;  Lv W.-F.;  Qiu X.-H.;  Yao J.-L.;  Gu J.-F.;  Wei W.
SOURCE
  European Journal of Radiology (2020) 126 Article Number: 108941. Date of Publication: 1 May 2020
ABSTRACT
  Purpose: To report CT features of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) in patients with various disease severity. Methods: The CT manifestations and clinical data of 73 patients with COVID-19 were retrospectively collected in 6 hospitals from Jan 21 to Feb 3, 2020. We analyzed the initial and follow-up CT features of patients with disease severity, according to the Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of New Coronavirus Pneumonia. Results: Six patients (8%) were diagnosed as mild type pneumonia; these patients had no obvious abnormal CT findings or manifested mild changes of lung infection. All 43 patients (59 %) with common type presented unique or multiple ground-glass opacities (GGO) in the periphery of the lungs, with or without interlobular septal thickening. In the 21 patients (29 %) with severe type, extensive GGO and pulmonary consolidation were found in 16 cases (16/21, 76 %) and 5 cases (24 %), respectively. An extensive “white lung”, with atelectasis and pleural effusion were found in critical type patients (3, 4%). On the resolutive phase of the disease, CT abnormalities showed complete resolution, or demonstrated residual linear opacities. Conclusions: Different CT features are seen according to disease severity, which can help COVID-19 stratification.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.108941

RECORD 60
TITLE
  2019 novel coronavirus infection in a three-month-old baby
AUTHOR NAMES
  Zhang Y.H.;  Lin D.J.;  Xiao M.F.;  Wang J.C.;  Wei Y.;  Lei Z.X.;  Zeng Z.Q.;  Li L.;  Li H.A.;  Xiang W.
SOURCE
  Zhonghua er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of pediatrics (2020) 58:3 (182-184). Date of Publication: 2 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2020.03.004

RECORD 61
TITLE
  Management strategies for patients with gynecological malignancies during the outbreak of COVID19
AUTHOR NAMES
  Zhang J.;  Peng P.;  Li X.;  Zha Y.F.;  Zhang G.N.;  Zhang Y.;  Xiang Y.
SOURCE
  Zhonghua fu chan ke za zhi (2020) 55 (E011). Date of Publication: 16 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  Objective: To explore the management strategies for patients with gynecological malignant tumors during the outbreak and transmission of COVID19. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics, treatment, and disease outcomes of three patients with gynecological malignancies associated with COVID19 in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University in January 2020, and proposed management strategies for patients with gynecological tumors under risk of COVID19. Results: Three patients were treated COVID19 based on the national diagnosis and treatment protocol as well as research progress. Meanwhile, these patients were appropriately adjusted the treatment plan in accordance with the clinical guidelines for gynecological tumors. Pneumonia was cured in 2 patients, and one patient died of COVID-19. Conclusions: Patients with gynecological malignant tumors are high-risk groups prone to COVID-19 infection, and gynecological oncologists need to carry out education, prevention, control and treatment according to specific conditions. While actively preventing and controlling COVID-19, the diagnosis and treatment of gynecological malignant tumors should be carried out in an orderly and safe manner.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112141-20200302-00168

RECORD 62
TITLE
  What Is Needed to Make Interventional Radiology Ready for COVID-19? Lessons from SARS-CoV Epidemic
AUTHOR NAMES
  Pua U.;  Wong D.
SOURCE
  Korean journal of radiology (2020). Date of Publication: 13 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2020.0163

RECORD 63
TITLE
  Clinical Features and Chest CT Manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a Single-Center Study in Shanghai, China
AUTHOR NAMES
  Cheng Z.;  Lu Y.;  Cao Q.;  Qin L.;  Pan Z.;  Yan F.;  Yang W.
SOURCE
  AJR. American journal of roentgenology (2020) (1-6). Date of Publication: 14 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  OBJECTIVE. Confronting the new coronavirus infection known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is challenging and requires excluding patients with suspected COVID-19 who actually have other diseases. The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical features and CT manifestations of COVID-19 by comparing patients with COVID-19 pneumonia with patients with non-COVID-19 pneumonia who presented at a fever observation department in Shanghai, China. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Patients were retrospectively enrolled in the study from January 19 through February 6, 2020. All patients underwent real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing. RESULTS. Eleven patients had RT-PCR test results that were positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, whereas 22 patients had negative results. No statistical difference in clinical features was observed (p > 0.05), with the exception of leukocyte and platelet counts (p < 0.05). The mean (± SD) interval between onset of symptoms and admission to the fever observation department was 4.40 ± 2.00 and 5.52 ± 4.00 days for patients with positive and negative RT-PCR test results, respectively. The frequency of opacifications in patients with positive results and patients with negative results, respectively, was as follows: ground-glass opacities (GGOs), 100.0% versus 90.9%; mixed GGO, 63.6% versus 72.7%; and consolidation, 54.5% versus 77.3%. In patients with positive RT-PCR results, GGOs were the most commonly observed opacification (seen in 100.0% of patients) and were predominantly located in the peripheral zone (100.0% of patients), compared with patients with negative results (31.8%) (p = 0.05). The median number of affected lung lobes and segments was higher in patients with positive RT-PCR results than in those with negative RT-PCR results (five vs 3.5 affected lobes and 15 vs nine affected segments; p < 0.05). Although the air bronchogram reticular pattern was more frequently seen in patients with positive results, centrilobular nodules were less frequently seen in patients with positive results. CONCLUSION. At the point during the COVID-19 outbreak when this study was performed, imaging patterns of multifocal, peripheral, pure GGO, mixed GGO, or consolidation with slight predominance in the lower lung and findings of more extensive GGO than consolidation on chest CT scans obtained during the first week of illness were considered findings highly suspicious of COVID-19.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/AJR.20.22959

RECORD 64
TITLE
  Patients of COVID-19 may benefit from sustained lopinavir-combined regimen and the increase of eosinophil may predict the outcome of COVID-19 progression
AUTHOR NAMES
  Liu F.;  Xu A.;  Zhang Y.;  Xuan W.;  Yan T.;  Pan K.;  Yu W.;  Zhang J.
SOURCE
  International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases (2020). Date of Publication: 12 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  OBJECTIVES: To explore the epidemiological information, clinical characteristics, therapeutic outcomes and temporal progression of laboratory findings in 2019-coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients exposed to lopinavir. METHODS: We collected data from ten COVID-19 patients admitted between January 22, 2020 and February 11, 2020 at Xixi hospital in Hangzhou, China. RESULTS: Of ten patients, secondary, tertiary and quartus patients emerged, the incubation period was 3-7 days. Mainly initial symptoms were cough and low fever (37.3-38.0 ℃). An asymptomatic case presented normal radiography, the others existed ground glass opacities. All cases (three transferred, seven discharged) exposed to lopinavir on initial hospitalization. Three patients stopped lopinavir using because of adverse effect, two of them deteriorated, one hospitalized longer than others who with sustained lopinavir using. Levels of potassium, albumin, lymphocyte were low, but increased persistently after treatment. Eosinophil values were low on initial hospitalization, then all returned to normal before discharge. Viral load of SARS-CoV-2, radiography and eosinophil improved continuously in 3-14, 6-8 and 7-9 days, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing eosinophils may be an indicator of COVID-19 improvement. The COVID-19 patients may benefit from sustained lopinavir using. More researches on a larger scale are needed to verify these points.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.013

RECORD 65
TITLE
  Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Systematic Review of Imaging Findings in 919 Patients
AUTHOR NAMES
  Salehi S.;  Abedi A.;  Balakrishnan S.;  Gholamrezanezhad A.
SOURCE
  AJR. American journal of roentgenology (2020) (1-7). Date of Publication: 14 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  OBJECTIVE. Available information on CT features of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is scattered in different publications, and a cohesive literature review has yet to be compiled. MATERIALS AND METHODS. This article includes a systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase (Elsevier), Google Scholar, and the World Health Organization database. RESULTS. Known features of COVID-19 on initial CT include bilateral multilobar ground-glass opacification (GGO) with a peripheral or posterior distribution, mainly in the lower lobes and less frequently within the right middle lobe. Atypical initial imaging presentation of consolidative opacities superimposed on GGO may be found in a smaller number of cases, mainly in the elderly population. Septal thickening, bronchiectasis, pleural thickening, and subpleural involvement are some of the less common findings, mainly in the later stages of the disease. Pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, lymphadenopathy, cavitation, CT halo sign, and pneumothorax are uncommon but may be seen with disease progression. Follow-up CT in the intermediate stage of disease shows an increase in the number and size of GGOs and progressive transformation of GGO into multifocal consolidative opacities, septal thickening, and development of a crazy paving pattern, with the greatest severity of CT findings visible around day 10 after the symptom onset. Acute respiratory distress syndrome is the most common indication for transferring patients with COVID-19 to the ICU and the major cause of death in this patient population. Imaging patterns corresponding to clinical improvement usually occur after week 2 of the disease and include gradual resolution of consolidative opacities and decrease in the number of lesions and involved lobes. CONCLUSION. This systematic review of current literature on COVID-19 provides insight into the initial and follow-up CT characteristics of the disease.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/AJR.20.23034

RECORD 66
TITLE
  2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pneumonia with Hemoptysis as the Initial Symptom: CT and Clinical Features
AUTHOR NAMES
  Shi F.;  Yu Q.;  Huang W.;  Tan C.
SOURCE
  Korean journal of radiology (2020). Date of Publication: 13 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  Recently, some global cases of 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia have been caused by second- or third-generation transmission of the viral infection, resulting in no traceable epidemiological history. Owing to the complications of COVID-19 pneumonia, the first symptom and imaging features of patients can be very atypical and early diagnosis of COVID-19 infections remains a challenge. It would aid radiologists and clinicians to be aware of the early atypical symptom and imaging features of the disease and contribute to the prevention of infected patients being missed.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2020.0181

RECORD 67
TITLE
  Evolution of Computed Tomography Manifestations in Five Patients Who Recovered from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pneumonia
AUTHOR NAMES
  Sun Q.;  Xu X.;  Xie J.;  Li J.;  Huang X.
SOURCE
  Korean journal of radiology (2020). Date of Publication: 13 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2020.0157

RECORD 68
TITLE
  A 55-Day-Old Female Infant infected with COVID 19: presenting with pneumonia, liver injury, and heart damage
AUTHOR NAMES
  Cui Y.;  Tian M.;  Huang D.;  Wang X.;  Huang Y.;  Fan L.;  Wang L.;  Chen Y.;  Liu W.;  Zhang K.;  Wu Y.;  Yang Z.;  Tao J.;  Feng J.;  Liu K.;  Ye X.;  Wang R.;  Zhang X.;  Zha Y.
SOURCE
  The Journal of infectious diseases (2020). Date of Publication: 17 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  Previous studies on the pneumonia outbreak caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) were mainly based on information from adult populations. Limited data are available for children with COVID-19, especially for infected infants. We report a 55-day-old case with COVID-19 confirmed in China and describe the identification, diagnosis, clinical course, and treatment of the patient, including the disease progression from day 7 to day 11 of illness. This case highlights that children with COVID-19 can also present with multiple organ damage and rapid disease changes. When managing such patients, frequent and careful clinical monitoring is essential.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaa113

RECORD 69
TITLE
  Pregnancy and Perinatal Outcomes of Women With Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pneumonia: A Preliminary Analysis
AUTHOR NAMES
  Liu D.;  Li L.;  Wu X.;  Zheng D.;  Wang J.;  Yang L.;  Zheng C.
SOURCE
  AJR. American journal of roentgenology (2020) (1-6). Date of Publication: 18 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical manifestations and CT features of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pneumonia in 15 pregnant women and to provide some initial evidence that can be used for guiding treatment of pregnant women with COVID-19 pneumonia. MATERIALS AND METHODS. We reviewed the clinical data and CT examinations of 15 consecutive pregnant women with COVID-19 pneumonia in our hospital from January 20, 2020, to February 10, 2020. A semiquantitative CT scoring system was used to estimate pulmonary involvement and the time course of changes on chest CT. Symptoms and laboratory results were analyzed, treatment experiences were summarized, and clinical outcomes were tracked. RESULTS. Eleven patients had successful delivery (10 cesarean deliveries and one vaginal delivery) during the study period, and four patients were still pregnant (three in the second trimester and one in the third trimester) at the end of the study period. No cases of neonatal asphyxia, neonatal death, stillbirth, or abortion were reported. The most common early finding on chest CT was ground-glass opacity (GGO). With disease progression, crazy paving pattern and consolidations were seen on CT. The abnormalities showed absorptive changes at the end of the study period for all patients. The most common onset symptoms of COVID-19 pneumonia in pregnant women were fever (13/15 patients) and cough (9/15 patients). The most common abnormal laboratory finding was lymphocytopenia (12/15 patients). CT images obtained before and after delivery showed no signs of pneumonia aggravation after delivery. The four patients who were still pregnant at the end of the study period were not treated with antiviral drugs but had achieved good recovery. CONCLUSION. Pregnancy and childbirth did not aggravate the course of symptoms or CT features of COVID-19 pneumonia. All the cases of COVID-19 pneumonia in the pregnant women in our study were the mild type. All the women in this study-some of whom did not receive antiviral drugs-achieved good recovery from COVID-19 pneumonia.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/AJR.20.23072

RECORD 70
TITLE
  Pulmonary Pathology of Early-Phase 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pneumonia in Two Patients With Lung Cancer
AUTHOR NAMES
  Tian S.;  Hu W.;  Niu L.;  Liu H.;  Xu H.;  Xiao S.-Y.
SOURCE
  Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2020). Date of Publication: 2020
ABSTRACT
  There is currently a lack of pathologic data on the novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) pneumonia, or coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), from autopsy or biopsy. Two patients who recently underwent lung lobectomies for adenocarcinoma were retrospectively found to have had COVID-19 at the time of the operation. These two cases thus provide important first opportunities to study the pathology of COVID-19. Pathologic examinations revealed that apart from the tumors, the lungs of both patients exhibited edema, proteinaceous exudate, focal reactive hyperplasia of pneumocytes with patchy inflammatory cellular infiltration, and multinucleated giant cells. Hyaline membranes were not prominent. Because both patients did not exhibit symptoms of pneumonia at the time of operation, these changes likely represent an early phase of the lung pathology of COVID-19 pneumonia.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtho.2020.02.010

RECORD 71
TITLE
  Imaging Features of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Evaluation on Thin-Section CT
AUTHOR NAMES
  Guan C.S.;  Lv Z.B.;  Yan S.;  Du Y.N.;  Chen H.;  Wei L.G.;  Xie R.M.;  Chen B.D.
SOURCE
  Academic Radiology (2020). Date of Publication: 2020
ABSTRACT
  Rationale and Objectives: To retrospectively analyze the chest imaging findings in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on thin-section CT. Materials and Methods: Fifty-three patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection underwent thin-section CT examination. Two chest radiologists independently evaluated the imaging in terms of distribution, ground-glass opacity (GGO), consolidation, air bronchogram, stripe, enlarged mediastinal lymph node, and pleural effusion. Results: Fourty-seven cases (88.7%) had findings of COVID-19 infection, and the other six (11.3%) were normal. Among the 47 cases, 78.7% involved both lungs, and 93.6% had peripheral infiltrates distributed along the subpleural area. All cases showed GGO, 59.6% of which were round and 40.4% patchy. Other imaging features included “crazy-paving pattern” (89.4%), consolidation (63.8%), and air bronchogram (76.6%). Air bronchograms were observed within GGO (61.7%) and consolidation (70.3%). Neither enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes nor pleural effusion were present. Thirty-three patients (62.3%) were followed an average interval of 6.2 ± 2.9 days. The lesions increased in 75.8% and resorbed in 24.2% of patients. Conclusion: COVID-19 showed the pulmonary lesions in patients infected with COVID-19 were predominantly distributed peripherally in the subpleural area.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2020.03.002

RECORD 72
TITLE
  The First Case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Imported into Korea from Wuhan, China: Implication for Infection Prevention and Control Measures
AUTHOR NAMES
  Kim J.Y.;  Choe P.G.;  Oh Y.;  Oh K.J.;  Kim J.;  Park S.J.;  Park J.H.;  Na H.K.;  Oh M.D.
SOURCE
  Journal of Korean medical science (2020) 35:5 (e61). Date of Publication: 10 Feb 2020
ABSTRACT
  In December 2019, a viral pneumonia outbreak caused by a novel betacoronavirus, the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), began in Wuhan, China. We report the epidemiological and clinical features of the first patient with 2019-nCoV pneumonia imported into Korea from Wuhan. This report suggests that in the early phase of 2019-nCoV pneumonia, chest radiography would miss patients with pneumonia and highlights taking travel history is of paramount importance for early detection and isolation of 2019-nCoV cases.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e61

RECORD 73
TITLE
  Dynamic changes of chest CT imaging in patients with corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19)
AUTHOR NAMES
  Wang J.;  Liu J.;  Wang Y.;  Liu W.;  Chen X.;  Sun C.;  Shen X.;  Wang Q.;  Wu Y.;  Liang W.;  Ruan L.
SOURCE
  Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences (2020) 49:1 (0). Date of Publication: 24 Feb 2020
ABSTRACT
  OBJECTIVE: To analyze the dynamic changes of chest CT images of patients with corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19). METHODS: Fifty-two cases of COVID-19 were admitted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine. The consecutive chest CT scans were followed up for all patients with an average of 4 scans performed per patient during the hospitalization. The shortest interval between each scan was 2 days and the longest was 7 days. The shape, number and distribution of lung shadows, as well as the characteristics of the lesions on the CT images were reviewed. RESULTS: The obvious shadows infiltrating the lungs were shown on CT images in 50 cases, for other 2 cases there was no abnormal changes in the lungs during the first CT examination. Ground-glass opacities (GGO) were found in 48 cases (92.3%), and 19 cases (36.5%) had patchy consolidation and sub-consolidation, which were accompanied with air bronchi sign in 17 cases (32.7%). Forty one cases (78.8%) showed a thickened leaflet interval, 4 cases (7.6%) had a small number of fibrous stripes. During hospitalization, GGO lesions in COVID-19 patients gradually became rare, the fibrous strip shadows increased and it became the most common imaging manifestation. The lesions rapidly progressed in 39 cases (75.0%) within 6-9 days after admission. On days 10-14 of admission, the lesions distinctly resolved in 40 cases (76.9%). CONCLUSIONS: The chest CT images of patients with COVID-19 have certain characteristics with dynamic changes, which are of value for monitoring disease progress and clinical treatment.

RECORD 74
TITLE
  Clinical progression of patients with COVID-19 in Shanghai, China
AUTHOR NAMES
  Chen J.;  Qi T.;  Liu L.;  Ling Y.;  Qian Z.;  Li T.;  Li F.;  Xu Q.;  Zhang Y.;  Xu S.;  Song Z.;  Zeng Y.;  Shen Y.;  Shi Y.;  Zhu T.;  Lu H.
SOURCE
  The Journal of infection (2020). Date of Publication: 11 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  BACKGROUND: Studies on the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have generally been limited to the description of the epidemiology and initial clinical characteristics. We investigated the temporal progression in patients with COVID-19. METHODS: In this retrospective, single-center study, we included confirmed cases of COVID-19 from Jan 20 to Feb 6, 2020 in Shanghai. Final date of follow-up was February 25, 2020. RESULTS: Of the 249 patients enrolled, the median age was 51 years old, and 126 (50.6%) were male. The duration from onset of symptoms to hospitalization was 4(2-7) days in symptomatic patients. Fever was occurred in 235(94.3%) patients. A total of 215 (86.3%) patients had been discharged after 16(12-20) days hospitalization. The estimated median duration of fever in all the patients with fever was 10 days (95 confidential intervals [CIs]: 8-11 days) after onset of symptoms. Patients who were transferred to intensive care units (ICU) had significantly longer duration of fever as compared to those not in ICU (31 days v.s. 9 days after onset of symptoms, respectively, P<0.0001). Radiological aggravation of initial image was observed in 163 (65.7%) patients on day 7 after onset of symptoms. 154(94.5%) of these patients showed radiological improvement on day 14. The median duration to negative reverse-transcriptase PCR tests of upper respiratory tract samples was 11 days (95 CIs: 10-12 days). Viral clearance was more likely to be delayed in patients in ICU than those not in ICU (P<0.0001). In multivariate logistical analysis, age (Odds ratio [OR]=1.06) and CD4 T cell count (OR=0.55 per 100 cells/ul increase) were independently associated with ICU admission. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of COVID-19 cases are mild. The clinical progression pattern suggests that early control of viral replication and application of host-directed therapy in later stage is essential to improve the prognosis of CVOID-19.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.004

RECORD 75
TITLE
  Computed Tomographic Findings in COVID-19
AUTHOR NAMES
  Joob B.;  Wiwanitkit V.
SOURCE
  Korean journal of radiology (2020). Date of Publication: 13 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2020.0164

RECORD 76
TITLE
  Radiology Department Preparedness for COVID-19: Radiology Scientific Expert Panel
AUTHOR NAMES
  Mossa-Basha M.;  Meltzer C.C.;  Kim D.C.;  Tuite M.J.;  Kolli K.P.;  Tan B.S.
SOURCE
  Radiology (2020) (200988). Date of Publication: 16 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020200988

RECORD 77
TITLE
  Early Clinical and CT Manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pneumonia
AUTHOR NAMES
  Han R.;  Huang L.;  Jiang H.;  Dong J.;  Peng H.;  Zhang D.
SOURCE
  AJR. American journal of roentgenology (2020) (1-6). Date of Publication: 17 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to investigate early clinical and CT manifestations of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pneumonia. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Patients with COVID-19 pneumonia confirmed by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleic acid test (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction) were enrolled in this retrospective study. The clinical manifestations, laboratory results, and CT findings were evaluated. RESULTS. One hundred eight patients (38 men, 70 women; age range, 21-90 years) were included in the study. The clinical manifestations were fever in 94 of 108 (87%) patients, dry cough in 65 (60%), and fatigue in 42 (39%). The laboratory results were normal WBC count in 97 (90%) patients and normal or reduced lymphocyte count in 65 (60%). High-sensitivity C-reactive protein level was elevated in 107 (99%) patients. The distribution of involved lobes was one lobe in 38 (35%) patients, two or three lobes in 24 (22%), and four or five lobes in 46 (43%). The major involvement was peripheral (97 patients [90%]), and the common lesion shape was patchy (93 patients [86%]). Sixty-five (60%) patients had ground-glass opacity (GGO), and 44 (41%) had GGO with consolidation. The size of lesions varied from smaller than 1 cm (10 patients [9%]) to larger than 3 cm (56 patients [52%]). Vascular thickening (86 patients [80%]), crazy paving pattern (43 patients [40%]), air bronchogram sign (52 patients [48%]), and halo sign (69 [64%]) were also observed in this study. CONCLUSION. The early clinical and laboratory findings of COVID-19 pneumonia are low to midgrade fever, dry cough, and fatigue with normal WBC count, reduced lymphocyte count, and elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level. The early CT findings are patchy GGO with or without consolidation involving multiple lobes, mainly in the peripheral zone, accompanied by halo sign, vascular thickening, crazy paving pattern, or air bronchogram sign.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/AJR.20.22961

RECORD 78
TITLE
  Epidemiologic and Clinical Characteristics of 91 Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 in Zhejiang, China: A retrospective, multi-centre case series
AUTHOR NAMES
  Qian G.-Q.;  Yang N.-B.;  Ding F.;  Ma A.H.Y.;  Wang Z.-Y.;  Shen Y.-F.;  Shi C.-W.;  Lian X.;  Chu J.-G.;  Chen L.;  Wang Z.-Y.;  Ren D.-W.;  Li G.-X.;  Chen X.-Q.;  Shen H.-J.;  Chen X.-M.
SOURCE
  QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians (2020). Date of Publication: 17 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  BACKGROUND: Recent studies have focused initial clinical and Epidemiologic characteristics on the COVID-19, mainly revealing situation in Wuhan, Hubei. AIM: To reveal more data on the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients outside of Wuhan, in Zhejiang, China. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. METHODS: 88 cases of laboratory-confirmed and 3 cases of clinical-confirmed COVID-19 were admitted to five hospitals in Zhejiang province, China. Data were collected from 20 January 2020 to 11 February 2020. RESULTS: Of all 91 patients, 88 (96.70%) were laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 with throat swab samples that tested positive for SARS-Cov-2 while 3 (3.30%) were clinical-diagnosed COVID-19 cases. The median age of the patients was 50 (36.5-57) years, and female accounted for 59.34%. In this sample 40 (43.96%) patients had contracted the diseases from local cases, 31 (34.07%) patients had been to Wuhan/Hubei, 8 (8.79%) cases had contacted with people from Wuhan, 11 (12.09%) cases were confirmed aircraft transmission. In particular within the city of Ningbo, 60.52% cases can be traced back to an event held in a temple. The most common symptoms were fever (71.43%), cough (60.44%) and fatigue (43.96%). The median of incubation period was 6 (IQR, 3-8) days and the median time from first visit to a doctor to confirmed diagnosis was 1 (1-2) days. According to the Chest computed tomography scans, 67.03% cases had bilateral pneumonia. CONCLUSIONS: Social activity cluster, family cluster and travel by airplane were how COVID-19 patients get transmitted and could be rapidly diagnosed COVID-19 in Zhejiang.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcaa089

RECORD 79
TITLE
  Chest computed tomography in children with COVID-19 respiratory infection
AUTHOR NAMES
  Li W.;  Cui H.;  Li K.;  Fang Y.;  Li S.
SOURCE
  Pediatric Radiology (2020). Date of Publication: 2020
ABSTRACT
  Background: Infection with COVID-19 is currently rare in children. Objective: To describe chest CT findings in children with COVID-19. Materials and methods: We studied children at a large tertiary-care hospital in China, during the period from 28 January 2019 to 8 February 2020, who had positive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for COVID-19. We recorded findings at any chest CT performed in the included children, along with core clinical observations. Results: We included five children from 10 months to 6 years of age (mean 3.4 years). All had had at least one CT scan after admission. Three of these five had CT abnormality on the first CT scan (at 2 days, 4 days and 9 days, respectively, after onset of symptoms) in the form of patchy ground-glass opacities; all normalised during treatment. Conclusion: Compared to reports in adults, we found similar but more modest lung abnormalities at CT in our small paediatric cohort.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00247-020-04656-7

RECORD 80
TITLE
  Chest computed tomography images of early coronavirus disease (COVID-19)
AUTHOR NAMES
  Chen R.;  Chen J.;  Meng Q.-T.
SOURCE
  Canadian Journal of Anesthesia (2020). Date of Publication: 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12630-020-01625-4

RECORD 81
TITLE
  Quantitative computed tomography analysis for stratifying the severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019
AUTHOR NAMES
  Shen C.;  Yu N.;  Cai S.;  Zhou J.;  Sheng J.;  Liu K.;  Zhou H.;  Guo Y.;  Niu G.
SOURCE
  Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis (2020). Date of Publication: 2020
ABSTRACT
  Purpose: To examine the feasibility of using a computer tool for stratifying the severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) based on computed tomography (CT) images. Materials and methods: We retrospectively examined 44 confirmed COVID-19 cases. All cases were evaluated separately by radiologists (visually) and through an in-house computer software. The degree of lesions was visually scored by the radiologist, as follows, for each of the 5 lung lobes: 0, no lesion present; 1, <1/3 involvement; 2, >1/3 and < 2/3 involvement; and 3, >2/3 involvement. Lesion density was assessed based on the proportion of ground-glass opacity (GGO), consolidation and fibrosis of the lesions. The parameters obtained using the computer tool included lung volume (mL), lesion volume (mL), lesion percentage (%), and mean lesion density (HU) of the whole lung, right lung, left lung, and each lobe. The scores obtained by the radiologists and quantitative results generated by the computer software were tested for correlation. A Chi-square test was used to test the consistency of radiologist- and computer-derived lesion percentage in the right/left lung, upper/lower lobe, and each of the 5 lobes. Result: The results showed a strong to moderate correlation between lesion percentage scores obtained by radiologists and the computer software (r ranged from 0.7679 to 0.8373, P < 0.05), and a moderate correlation between the proportion of GGO and mean lesion density (r = −0.5894, P < 0.05), and proportion of consolidation and mean lesion density (r = 0.6282, P < 0.05). Computer-aided quantification showed a statistical significant higher lesion percentage for lower lobes than that assessed by the radiologists (χ² = 8.160, P = 0.004). Conclusions: Our experiments demonstrated that the computer tool could reliably and accurately assess the severity and distribution of pneumonia on CT scans.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpha.2020.03.004

RECORD 82
TITLE
  Essentials for Radiologists on COVID-19: An Update-Radiology Scientific Expert Panel
AUTHOR NAMES
  Kanne J.P.;  Little B.P.;  Chung J.H.;  Elicker B.M.;  Ketai L.H.
SOURCE
  Radiology (2020) (200527). Date of Publication: 27 Feb 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020200527

RECORD 83
TITLE
  Construction and evaluation of a novel diagnosis process for 2019-Corona Virus Disease
AUTHOR NAMES
  Xiong Z.;  Fu L.;  Zhou H.;  Liu J.K.;  Wang A.M.;  Huang Y.;  Huang X.;  Yi B.;  Wu J.;  Li C.H.;  Quan J.;  Li M.;  Leng Y.S.;  Luo W.J.;  Hu C.P.;  Liao W.H.
SOURCE
  Zhonghua yi xue za zhi (2020) 100 (E019). Date of Publication: 11 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  Objective: To construct and evaluate a diagnosis process for 2019-Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19). Methods: A continuous cohort of adults and adolescent (≥12 years) who screened COVID-19 was included in Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 23 to February 3, 2020 in which cases were divided the test library and the verification library. Their gender, age, onset time were recorded. Take epidemiological history, fever, and the blood lymphocytes decline as clinical indicators, used CT to evaluate the possibility of COVID-19 and range of lung involvement. According to the current national standards, throat swabs of suspected cases were collected and the nucleic acid of COVID-19 was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The Xiangya process was constructed according to multi-index, compared with clinical indicators, CT results and national standards, the efficiency of detecting confirmed cases were verified in the test and verification library. Results: A continuous cohort of 382 adults who screened COVID-19 was included in which 261 cases were in the test library and 121 cases were in the verification library. In the 382 cases, 192 were males (50.3%) and 190 were females (49.7%), with a median age of 35 years (range: 15-92 years). There were 183 cases (47.9%) with epidemiological history, 275 cases (72.0%) with fever, 212 cases (55.5%) with decreased hemolytic lymphocytes, CT positive 114 cases (29.8%), 43 cases (11.3%) with positive CT-COVID-19, and 30 cases (7.9%) with positive throat swab nucleic acid. Compared with clinical indicators, the sensitivity and specificity of CT were 0.950 and 0.704, respectively. The accuracy of CT to make a definite diagnosis was higher than that of epidemiological history, fever, and blood lymph count decline (0.809 vs 0.660, 0.532, 0.596, P=0.001, 0.002, 0.003, respectively). The sensitivity of this process and the program recommended by the Health Commission all were high (all were 1.000) , and the specificity and accuracy of the process were higher than the program recommended by the Health Commission (0.872 vs 0.765, 0.778 vs 0.592, both P<0.001). The CT-COVID-19 would have reduced the missed diagnosis rate caused by false negative of nucleic acid test (31 vs 64, difference rate 51.6%), the positive rate of nucleic acid test was 64.5% (20/31). In validation library, the specificity and accuracy of the Xiangya process was 0.967, the positive rate of nucleic acid test was 76.9% (10/13). Conclusions: The Xiangya process can predict the nucleic acid test results of COVID-19 well, and can be applied as a reliable basis for confirmed cases detection in adults and adolescent (≥12 years) in areas other than Hubei during the epidemic period of COVID-19. The cohort size needs to be increased for further validation.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200228-00499

RECORD 84
TITLE
  Atypical lung feature on chest CT in a lung adenocarcinoma cancer patient infected with COVID-19
AUTHOR NAMES
  Qu J.;  Yang R.;  Song L.;  Kamel I.R.
SOURCE
  Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology (2020). Date of Publication: 9 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annonc.2020.03.001

RECORD 85
TITLE
  COVID-19 Infection: Early Lessons
AUTHOR NAMES
  Lei Y.;  Zhang H.-W.;  Yu J.;  Patlas M.N.
SOURCE
  Canadian Association of Radiologists journal = Journal l’Association canadienne des radiologistes (2020) (846537120914428). Date of Publication: 12 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0846537120914428

RECORD 86
TITLE
  Can Lung US Help Critical Care Clinicians in the Early Diagnosis of Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pneumonia?
AUTHOR NAMES
  Poggiali E.;  Dacrema A.;  Bastoni D.;  Tinelli V.;  Demichele E.;  Mateo Ramos P.;  Marcianò T.;  Silva M.;  Vercelli A.;  Magnacavallo A.
SOURCE
  Radiology (2020) (200847). Date of Publication: 13 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020200847

RECORD 87
TITLE
  Clinical characteristics of 24 asymptomatic infections with COVID-19 screened among close contacts in Nanjing, China
AUTHOR NAMES
  Hu Z.;  Song C.;  Xu C.;  Jin G.;  Chen Y.;  Xu X.;  Ma H.;  Chen W.;  Lin Y.;  Zheng Y.;  Wang J.;  Hu Z.;  Yi Y.;  Shen H.
SOURCE
  Science China. Life sciences (2020). Date of Publication: 4 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  Previous studies have showed clinical characteristics of patients with the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the evidence of person-to-person transmission. Limited data are available for asymptomatic infections. This study aims to present the clinical characteristics of 24 cases with asymptomatic infection screened from close contacts and to show the transmission potential of asymptomatic COVID-19 virus carriers. Epidemiological investigations were conducted among all close contacts of COVID-19 patients (or suspected patients) in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China, from Jan 28 to Feb 9, 2020, both in clinic and in community. Asymptomatic carriers were laboratory-confirmed positive for the COVID-19 virus by testing the nucleic acid of the pharyngeal swab samples. Their clinical records, laboratory assessments, and chest CT scans were reviewed. As a result, none of the 24 asymptomatic cases presented any obvious symptoms while nucleic acid screening. Five cases (20.8%) developed symptoms (fever, cough, fatigue, etc.) during hospitalization. Twelve (50.0%) cases showed typical CT images of ground-glass chest and 5 (20.8%) presented stripe shadowing in the lungs. The remaining 7 (29.2%) cases showed normal CT image and had no symptoms during hospitalization. These 7 cases were younger (median age: 14.0 years; P=0.012) than the rest. None of the 24 cases developed severe COVID-19 pneumonia or died. The median communicable period, defined as the interval from the first day of positive nucleic acid tests to the first day of continuous negative tests, was 9.5 days (up to 21 days among the 24 asymptomatic cases). Through epidemiological investigation, we observed a typical asymptomatic transmission to the cohabiting family members, which even caused severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Overall, the asymptomatic carriers identified from close contacts were prone to be mildly ill during hospitalization. However, the communicable period could be up to three weeks and the communicated patients could develop severe illness. These results highlighted the importance of close contact tracing and longitudinally surveillance via virus nucleic acid tests. Further isolation recommendation and continuous nucleic acid tests may also be recommended to the patients discharged.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11427-020-1661-4

RECORD 88
TITLE
  Performance of radiologists in differentiating COVID-19 from viral pneumonia on chest CT
AUTHOR NAMES
  Bai H.X.;  Hsieh B.;  Xiong Z.;  Halsey K.;  Choi J.W.;  Tran T.M.L.;  Pan I.;  Shi L.-B.;  Wang D.-C.;  Mei J.;  Jiang X.-L.;  Zeng Q.-H.;  Egglin T.K.;  Hu P.-F.;  Agarwal S.;  Xie F.;  Li S.;  Healey T.;  Atalay M.K.;  Liao W.-H.
SOURCE
  Radiology (2020) (200823). Date of Publication: 10 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  Background Despite its high sensitivity in diagnosing COVID-19 in a screening population, chest CT appearances of COVID 19 pneumonia are thought to be non-specific. Purpose To assess the performance of United States (U.S.) and Chinese radiologists in differentiating COVID-19 from viral pneumonia on chest CT. Methods A total of 219 patients with both positive COVID-19 by RT-PCR and abnormal chest CT findings were retrospectively identified from 7 Chinese hospitals in Hunan Providence, China from January 6 to February 20, 2020. A total of 205 patients with positive Respiratory Pathogen Panel for viral pneumonia and CT findings consistent with or highly suspicious for pneumonia by original radiology interpretation within 7 days of each other were identified from Rhode Island Hospital in Providence, RI. Three Chinese radiologists blindly reviewed all chest CTs (n=424) to differentiate COVID-19 from viral pneumonia. A sample of 58 age-matched cases was randomly selected and evaluated by 4 U.S. radiologists in a similar fashion. Different CT features were recorded and compared between the two groups. Results For all chest CTs, three Chinese radiologists correctly differentiated COVID-19 from non-COVID-19 pneumonia 83% (350/424), 80% (338/424), and 60% (255/424) of the time, respectively. The seven radiologists had sensitivities of 80%, 67%, 97%, 93%, 83%, 73% and 70% and specificities of 100%, 93%, 7%, 100%, 93%, 93%, 100%. Compared to non-COVID-19 pneumonia, COVID-19 pneumonia was more likely to have a peripheral distribution (80% vs. 57%, p<0.001), ground-glass opacity (91% vs. 68%, p<0.001), fine reticular opacity (56% vs. 22%, p<0.001), and vascular thickening (59% vs. 22%, p<0.001), but less likely to have a central+peripheral distribution (14.% vs. 35%, p<0.001), pleural effusion (4.1 vs. 39%, p<0.001) and lymphadenopathy (2.7% vs. 10.2%, p<0.001). Conclusion Radiologists in China and the United States distinguished COVID-19 from viral pneumonia on chest CT with high specificity but moderate sensitivity. A translation of this abstract in Farsi is available in the supplement. – ترجمه چکیده این مقاله به فارسی، در ضمیمه موجود است.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020200823

RECORD 89
TITLE
  Positive RT-PCR Test Results in Patients Recovered from COVID-19
AUTHOR NAMES
  Lan L.;  Xu D.;  Ye G.;  Xia C.;  Wang S.;  Li Y.;  Xu H.
SOURCE
  JAMA – Journal of the American Medical Association (2020). Date of Publication: 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.2783

RECORD 90
TITLE
  Clinical and CT features in pediatric patients with COVID-19 infection: Different points from adults
AUTHOR NAMES
  Xia W.;  Shao J.;  Guo Y.;  Peng X.;  Li Z.;  Hu D.
SOURCE
  Pediatric Pulmonology (2020). Date of Publication: 2020
ABSTRACT
  Purpose: To discuss the different characteristics of clinical, laboratory, and chest computed tomography (CT) in pediatric patients from adults with 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection. Methods: The clinical, laboratory, and chest CT features of 20 pediatric inpatients with COVID-19 infection confirmed by pharyngeal swab COVID-19 nucleic acid test were retrospectively analyzed during 23 January and 8 February 2020. The clinical and laboratory information was obtained from inpatient records. All the patients were undergone chest CT in our hospital. Results: Thirteen pediatric patients (13/20, 65%) had an identified history of close contact with COVID-19 diagnosed family members. Fever (12/20, 60%) and cough (13/20, 65%) were the most common symptoms. For laboratory findings, procalcitonin elevation (16/20, 80%) should be pay attention to, which is not common in adults. Coinfection (8/20, 40%) is common in pediatric patients. A total of 6 patients presented with unilateral pulmonary lesions (6/20, 30%), 10 with bilateral pulmonary lesions (10/20, 50%), and 4 cases showed no abnormality on chest CT (4/20, 20%). Consolidation with surrounding halo sign was observed in 10 patients (10/20, 50%), ground-glass opacities were observed in 12 patients (12/20, 60%), fine mesh shadow was observed in 4 patients (4/20, 20%), and tiny nodules were observed in 3 patients (3/20, 15%). Conclusion: Procalcitonin elevation and consolidation with surrounding halo signs were common in pediatric patients which were different from adults. It is suggested that underlying coinfection may be more common in pediatrics, and the consolidation with surrounding halo sign which is considered as a typical sign in pediatric patients.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppul.24718

RECORD 91
TITLE
  CT Features of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pneumonia in 62 Patients in Wuhan, China
AUTHOR NAMES
  Zhou S.;  Wang Y.;  Zhu T.;  Xia L.
SOURCE
  AJR. American journal of roentgenology (2020) (1-8). Date of Publication: 5 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to investigate 62 subjects in Wuhan, China, with laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pneumonia and describe the CT features of this epidemic disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A retrospective study of 62 consecutive patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia was performed. CT images and clinical data were reviewed. Two thoracic radiologists evaluated the distribution and CT signs of the lesions and also scored the extent of involvement of the CT signs. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare lesion distribution and CT scores. The chi-square test was used to compare the CT signs of early-phase versus advanced-phase COVID-19 pneumonia. RESULTS. A total of 62 patients (39 men and 23 women; mean [± SD] age, 52.8 ± 12.2 years; range, 30-77 years) with COVID-19 pneumonia were evaluated. Twenty-four of 30 patients who underwent routine blood tests (80.0%) had a decreased lymphocyte count. Of 27 patients who had their erythrocyte sedimentation rate and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level assessed, 18 (66.7%) had an increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and all 27 (100.0%) had an elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level. Multiple lesions were seen on the initial CT scan of 52 of 62 patients (83.9%). Forty-eight of 62 patients (77.4%) had predominantly peripheral distribution of lesions. The mean CT score for the upper zone (3.0 ± 3.4) was significantly lower than that for the middle (4.5 ± 3.8) and lower (4.5 ± 3.7) zones (p = 0.022 and p = 0.020, respectively), and there was no significant difference in the mean CT score of the middle and lower zones (p = 1.00). The mean CT score for the anterior area (4.4 ± 4.1) was significantly lower than that for the posterior area (7.7 ± 6.3) (p = 0.003). CT findings for the patients were as follows: 25 patients (40.3%) had ground-glass opacities (GGO), 21 (33.9%), consolidation; 39 (62.9%), GGO plus a reticular pattern; 34 (54.8%), vacuolar sign; 28 (45.2%), microvascular dilation sign; 35 (56.5%), fibrotic streaks; 21 (33.9%), a subpleural line; and 33 (53.2%), a subpleural transparent line. With regard to bronchial changes seen on CT, 45 patients (72.6%) had air bronchogram, and 11 (17.7%) had bronchus distortion. In terms of pleural changes, CT showed that 30 patients (48.4%) had pleural thickening, 35 (56.5%) had pleural retraction sign, and six (9.7%) had pleural effusion. Compared with early-phase disease (≤ 7 days after the onset of symptoms), advanced-phase disease (8-14 days after the onset of symptoms) was characterized by significantly increased frequencies of GGO plus a reticular pattern, vacuolar sign, fibrotic streaks, a subpleural line, a subpleural transparent line, air bronchogram, bronchus distortion, and pleural effusion; however, GGO significantly decreased in advanced-phase disease. CONCLUSION. CT examination of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia showed a mixed and diverse pattern with both lung parenchyma and the interstitium involved. Identification of GGO and a single lesion on the initial CT scan suggested early-phase disease. CT signs of aggravation and repair coexisted in advanced-phase disease. Lesions presented with a characteristic multifocal distribution in the middle and lower lung regions and in the posterior lung area. A decreased lymphocyte count and an increased high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level were the most common laboratory findings.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/AJR.20.22975

RECORD 92
TITLE
  Clinical and CT imaging features of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19)
AUTHOR NAMES
  Zhu Y.;  Liu Y.-L.;  Li Z.-P.;  Kuang J.-Y.;  Li X.-M.;  Yang Y.-Y.;  Feng S.-T.
SOURCE
  The Journal of infection (2020). Date of Publication: 3 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.022

RECORD 93
TITLE
  Patients with RT-PCR Confirmed COVID-19 and Normal Chest CT
AUTHOR NAMES
  Yang W.;  Yan F.
SOURCE
  Radiology (2020) (200702). Date of Publication: 6 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020200702

RECORD 94
TITLE
  FDG PET/CT of COVID-19
AUTHOR NAMES
  Zou S.;  Zhu X.
SOURCE
  Radiology (2020) (200770). Date of Publication: 6 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020200770

RECORD 95
TITLE
  Clinical and High-Resolution CT Features of the COVID-19 Infection: Comparison of the Initial and Follow-up Changes
AUTHOR NAMES
  Xiong Y.;  Sun D.;  Liu Y.;  Fan Y.;  Zhao L.;  Li X.;  Zhu W.
SOURCE
  Investigative radiology (2020). Date of Publication: 3 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  OBJECTIVES: In late December, 2019, an outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China was caused by a novel coronavirus, newly named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We aimed to quantify severity of COVID-19 infection on High-Resolution CT and to determine its relationship with clinical parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From Jan 11, 2020, to Feb 5, 2020, the clinical, laboratory and HRCT features of 42 patients (26-75 years, 25 males) with COVID-19 were analyzed. The initial and follow-up CT obtained a mean of 4.5 days and 11.6 days from the illness onset were retrospectively assessed for the severity and progression of pneumonia. Correlations among clinical parameters, initial CT features and progression of opacifications were evaluated with Spearman correlation and linear regression analysis. RESULTS: Thirty-five (83%) patients exhibited a progressive process according to CT features during the early stage from onset. Follow-up CT findings showed progressive opacifications, consolidation, interstitial thickening, fibrous strips and air bronchograms, compared to initial CT (all p<0.05). Before regular treatments, there was a moderate correlation between the days from onset and sum score of opacifications (R=0.68, p<0.01). The C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and lactate dehydrogenase showed significantly positive correlation with the severity of pneumonia assessed on initial CT (R range 0.36-0.75, p<0.05). The highest temperature and the severity of opacifications assessed on initial CT were significantly related to the progression of opacifications on follow-up CT (p=0.001-0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with the COVID-19 infection usually presented with typical ground-grass opacities and other CT features, which showed significant correlations with some clinical and laboratory measurements. Follow-up CT images often demonstrated progressions during the early stage from illness onset.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/RLI.0000000000000674

RECORD 96
TITLE
  Clinical characteristics and imaging manifestations of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19):A multi-center study in Wenzhou city, Zhejiang, China
AUTHOR NAMES
  Yang W.;  Cao Q.;  Qin L.;  Wang X.;  Cheng Z.;  Pan A.;  Dai J.;  Sun Q.;  Zhao F.;  Qu J.;  Yan F.
SOURCE
  Journal of Infection (2020) 80:4 (388-393). Date of Publication: 1 Apr 2020
ABSTRACT
  Background: Little is known about COVID-19 outside Hubei. The aim of this paper was to describe the clinical characteristics and imaging manifestations of hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection in Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 149 RT-PCR confirmed positive patients were consecutively enrolled from January 17th to February 10th, 2020 in three tertiary hospitals of Wenzhou. Outcomes were followed up until Feb 15th, 2020. Findings: A total of 85 patients had Hubei travel/residence history, while another 49 had contact with people from Hubei and 15 had no traceable exposure history to Hubei. Fever, cough and expectoration were the most common symptoms, 14 patients had decreased oxygen saturation, 33 had leukopenia, 53 had lymphopenia, and 82 had elevated C-reactive protein. On chest computed tomography (CT), lung segments 6 and 10 were mostly involved. A total of 287 segments presented ground glass opacity, 637 presented mixed opacity and 170 presented consolidation. Lesions were more localized in the peripheral lung with a patchy form. No significant difference was found between patients with or without Hubei exposure history. Seventeen patients had normal CT on admission of these, 12 had negative findings even10 days later. Interpretation: Most patients presented with a mild infection in our study. The imaging pattern of multifocal peripheral ground glass or mixed opacity with predominance in the lower lung is highly suspicious of COVID-19 in the first week of disease onset. Nevetheless, some patients can present with a normal chest finding despite testing positive for COVID-19. Funding: We did not receive any fundings.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.016

RECORD 97
TITLE
  CT Imaging and Differential Diagnosis of COVID-19
AUTHOR NAMES
  Dai W.-C.;  Zhang H.-W.;  Yu J.;  Xu H.-J.;  Chen H.;  Luo S.-P.;  Zhang H.;  Liang L.-H.;  Wu X.-L.;  Lei Y.;  Lin F.
SOURCE
  Canadian Association of Radiologists journal = Journal l’Association canadienne des radiologistes (2020) (846537120913033). Date of Publication: 4 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  Since the beginning of 2020, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread throughout China. This study explains the findings from lung computed tomography images of some patients with COVID-19 treated in this medical institution and discusses the difference between COVID-19 and other lung diseases.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0846537120913033

RECORD 98
TITLE
  COVID-19: What Can We Learn From Stories From the Trenches?
AUTHOR NAMES
  Patlas M.N.
SOURCE
  Canadian Association of Radiologists journal = Journal l’Association canadienne des radiologistes (2020) (846537120913497). Date of Publication: 4 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0846537120913497

RECORD 99
TITLE
  Relation Between Chest CT Findings and Clinical Conditions of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pneumonia: A Multicenter Study
AUTHOR NAMES
  Zhao W.;  Zhong Z.;  Xie X.;  Yu Q.;  Liu J.
SOURCE
  AJR. American journal of roentgenology (2020) (1-6). Date of Publication: 3 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  OBJECTIVE. The increasing number of cases of confirmed coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in China is striking. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between chest CT findings and the clinical conditions of COVID-19 pneumonia. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Data on 101 cases of COVID-19 pneumonia were retrospectively collected from four institutions in Hunan, China. Basic clinical characteristics and detailed imaging features were evaluated and compared between two groups on the basis of clinical status: nonemergency (mild or common disease) and emergency (severe or fatal disease). RESULTS. Patients 21-50 years old accounted for most (70.2%) of the cohort, and five (5.0%) patients had disease associated with a family outbreak. Most patients (78.2%) had fever as the onset symptom. Most patients with COVID-19 pneumonia had typical imaging features, such as ground-glass opacities (GGO) (87 [86.1%]) or mixed GGO and consolidation (65 [64.4%]), vascular enlargement in the lesion (72 [71.3%]), and traction bronchiectasis (53 [52.5%]). Lesions present on CT images were more likely to have a peripheral distribution (88 [87.1%]) and bilateral involvement (83 [82.2%]) and be lower lung predominant (55 [54.5%]) and multifocal (55 [54.5%]). Patients in the emergency group were older than those in the non-emergency group. Architectural distortion, traction bronchiectasis, and CT involvement score aided in evaluation of the severity and extent of the disease. CONCLUSION. Patients with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia have typical imaging features that can be helpful in early screening of highly suspected cases and in evaluation of the severity and extent of disease. Most patients with COVID-19 pneumonia have GGO or mixed GGO and consolidation and vascular enlargement in the lesion. Lesions are more likely to have peripheral distribution and bilateral involvement and be lower lung predominant and multifocal. CT involvement score can help in evaluation of the severity and extent of the disease.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/AJR.20.22976

RECORD 100
TITLE
  Presumed Asymptomatic Carrier Transmission of COVID-19
AUTHOR NAMES
  Bai Y.;  Yao L.;  Wei T.;  Tian F.;  Jin D.-Y.;  Chen L.;  Wang M.
SOURCE
  JAMA – Journal of the American Medical Association (2020). Date of Publication: 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.2565

RECORD 101
TITLE
  Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Role of Chest CT in Diagnosis and Management
AUTHOR NAMES
  Li Y.;  Xia L.
SOURCE
  AJR. American journal of roentgenology (2020) (1-7). Date of Publication: 4 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  OBJECTIVE. The objective of our study was to determine the misdiagnosis rate of radiologists for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and evaluate the performance of chest CT in the diagnosis and management of COVID-19. The CT features of COVID-19 are reported and compared with the CT features of other viruses to familiarize radiologists with possible CT patterns. MATERIALS AND METHODS. This study included the first 51 patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19 infection confirmed by nucleic acid testing (23 women and 28 men; age range, 26-83 years) and two patients with adenovirus (one woman and one man; ages, 58 and 66 years). We reviewed the clinical information, CT images, and corresponding image reports of these 53 patients. The CT images included images from 99 chest CT examinations, including initial and follow-up CT studies. We compared the image reports of the initial CT study with the laboratory test results and identified CT patterns suggestive of viral infection. RESULTS. COVID-19 was misdiagnosed as a common infection at the initial CT study in two inpatients with underlying disease and COVID-19. Viral pneumonia was correctly diagnosed at the initial CT study in the remaining 49 patients with COVID-19 and two patients with adenovirus. These patients were isolated and obtained treatment. Ground-glass opacities (GGOs) and consolidation with or without vascular enlargement, interlobular septal thickening, and air bronchogram sign are common CT features of COVID-19. The The “reversed halo” sign and pulmonary nodules with a halo sign are uncommon CT features. The CT findings of COVID-19 overlap with the CT findings of adenovirus infection. There are differences as well as similarities in the CT features of COVID-19 compared with those of the severe acute respiratory syndrome. CONCLUSION. We found that chest CT had a low rate of missed diagnosis of COVID-19 (3.9%, 2/51) and may be useful as a standard method for the rapid diagnosis of COVID-19 to optimize the management of patients. However, CT is still limited for identifying specific viruses and distinguishing between viruses.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/AJR.20.22954

RECORD 102
TITLE
  Déjà Vu or Jamais Vu? How the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Experience Influenced a Singapore Radiology Department’s Response to the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic
AUTHOR NAMES
  Cheng L.T.-E.;  Chan L.P.;  Tan B.H.;  Chen R.C.;  Tay K.H.;  Ling M.L.;  Tan B.S.
SOURCE
  AJR. American journal of roentgenology (2020) (1-5). Date of Publication: 4 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  OBJECTIVE. This article shares the ground operational perspective of how a tertiary hospital radiology department in Singapore is responding to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic. This same department was also deeply impacted by the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak in 2003. CONCLUSION. Though similar to SARS, the COVID-19 outbreak has several differences. We share how lessons from 2003 are applied and modified in our ongoing operational response to this evolving novel pathogen.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/AJR.20.22927

RECORD 103
TITLE
  Clinical and computed tomographic imaging features of novel coronavirus pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2
AUTHOR NAMES
  Xu Y.-H.;  Dong J.-H.;  An W.-M.;  Lv X.-Y.;  Yin X.-P.;  Zhang J.-Z.;  Dong L.;  Ma X.;  Zhang H.-J.;  Gao B.-L.
SOURCE
  Journal of Infection (2020) 80:4 (394-400). Date of Publication: 1 Apr 2020
ABSTRACT
  Purpose: To investigate the clinical and imaging characteristics of computed tomography (CT) in novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) caused by SARS-CoV-2. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the imaging findings of patients confirmed with COVID-19 pneumonia who had chest CT scanning and treatment after disease onset. The clinical and imaging data were analyzed. Results: Fifty patients were enrolled, including mild type in nine, common in 28, severe in 10 and critically severe in the rest three. Mild patients (29 years) were significantly (P<0.03) younger than either common (44.5 years) or severe (54.7) and critically severe (65.7 years) patients, and common patients were also significantly (P<0.03) younger than severe and critically severe patients. Mild patients had low to moderate fever (<39.1 °C), 49 (98%) patients had normal or slightly reduced leukocyte count, 14 (28%) had decreased counts of lymphocytes, and 26 (52%) patients had increased C-reactive protein. Nine mild patients were negative in CT imaging. For all the other types of NCP, the lesion was in the right upper lobe in 30 cases, right middle lobe in 22, right lower lobe in 39, left upper lobe in 33 and left lower lobe in 36. The lesion was primarily located in the peripheral area under the pleura with possible extension towards the pulmonary hilum. Symmetrical lesions were seen in 26 cases and asymmetrical in 15. The density of lesion was mostly uneven with ground glass opacity as the primary presentation accompanied by partial consolidation and fibrosis. Conclusion: CT imaging presentations of NCP are mostly patchy ground glass opacities in the peripheral areas under the pleura with partial consolidation which will be absorbed with formation of fibrotic stripes if improved. CT scanning provides important bases for early diagnosis and treatment of NCP.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.017

RECORD 104
TITLE
  Helping the Radiologist: The Role of Scientific Journals to Help Prevent the Spread of COVID-19
AUTHOR NAMES
  Li X.;  Qian Y.;  Liu B.;  Yu Y.
SOURCE
  Radiology (2020) (200661). Date of Publication: 3 Mar 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020200661

RECORD 105
TITLE
  Imaging and clinical features of patients with 2019 novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2
AUTHOR NAMES
  Xu X.;  Yu C.;  Qu J.;  Zhang L.;  Jiang S.;  Huang D.;  Chen B.;  Zhang Z.;  Guan W.;  Ling Z.;  Jiang R.;  Hu T.;  Ding Y.;  Lin L.;  Gan Q.;  Luo L.;  Tang X.;  Liu J.
SOURCE
  European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (2020) 47:5 (1275-1280). Date of Publication: 1 May 2020
ABSTRACT
  Background: The pneumonia caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2, also called 2019-nCoV) recently break out in Wuhan, China, and was named as COVID-19. With the spread of the disease, similar cases have also been confirmed in other regions of China. We aimed to report the imaging and clinical characteristics of these patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Guangzhou, China. Methods: All patients with laboratory-identified SARS-CoV-2 infection by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were collected between January 23, 2020, and February 4, 2020, in a designated hospital (Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital). This analysis included 90 patients (39 men and 51 women; median age, 50 years (age range, 18–86 years). All the included SARS-CoV-2-infected patients underwent non-contrast enhanced chest computed tomography (CT). We analyzed the clinical characteristics of the patients, as well as the distribution characteristics, pattern, morphology, and accompanying manifestations of lung lesions. In addition, after 1–6 days (mean 3.5 days), follow-up chest CT images were evaluated to assess radiological evolution. Findings: The majority of infected patients had a history of exposure in Wuhan or to infected patients and mostly presented with fever and cough. More than half of the patients presented bilateral, multifocal lung lesions, with peripheral distribution, and 53 (59%) patients had more than two lobes involved. Of all included patients, COVID-19 pneumonia presented with ground glass opacities in 65 (72%), consolidation in 12 (13%), crazy paving pattern in 11 (12%), interlobular thickening in 33 (37%), adjacent pleura thickening in 50 (56%), and linear opacities combined in 55 (61%). Pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, and lymphadenopathy were uncommon findings. In addition, baseline chest CT did not show any abnormalities in 21 patients (23%), but 3 patients presented bilateral ground glass opacities on the second CT after 3–4 days. Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 infection can be confirmed based on the patient’s history, clinical manifestations, imaging characteristics, and laboratory tests. Chest CT examination plays an important role in the initial diagnosis of the novel coronavirus pneumonia. Multiple patchy ground glass opacities in bilateral multiple lobular with periphery distribution are typical chest CT imaging features of the COVID-19 pneumonia.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00259-020-04735-9

RECORD 106
TITLE
  Analysis of factors associated with disease outcomes in hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus disease
AUTHOR NAMES
  Liu W.;  Tao Z.-W.;  Lei W.;  Ming-Li Y.;  Kui L.;  Ling Z.;  Shuang W.;  Yan D.;  Jing L.;  Liu H.-G.;  Ming Y.;  Yi H.
SOURCE
  Chinese medical journal (2020). Date of Publication: 28 Feb 2020
ABSTRACT
  BACKGROUND: Since early December 2019, the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has caused pneumonia epidemic in Wuhan, Hubei province of China. This study aims to investigate the factors affecting the progression of pneumonia in COVID-19 patients. Associated results will be used to evaluate the prognosis and to find the optimal treatment regimens for COVID-19 pneumonia. METHODS: Patients tested positive for the COVID-19 based on nucleic acid detection were included in this study. Patients were admitted to 3 tertiary hospitals in Wuhan between December 30, 2019, and January 15, 2020. Individual data, laboratory indices, imaging characteristics, and clinical data were collected, and statistical analysis was performed. Based on clinical typing results, the patients were divided into a progression group or an improvement/stabilization group. Continuous variables were analyzed using independent samples t-test or Mann-Whitney U test. Categorical variables were analyzed using Chi-squared test or Fisher exact test. Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the risk factors for disease progression. RESULTS: Seventy-eight patients with COVID-19-induced pneumonia met the inclusion criteria and were included in this study. Efficacy evaluation at 2 weeks after hospitalization indicated that 11 patients (14.1%) had deteriorated, and 67 patients (85.9%) had improved/stabilized. The patients in the progression group were significantly older than those in the disease improvement/stabilization group (66 [51, 70] vs. 37 [32, 41] years, U = 4.932, P = 0.001). The progression group had a significantly higher proportion of patients with a history of smoking than the improvement/stabilization group (27.3% vs. 3.0%, χ = 9.291, P = 0.018). For all the 78 patients, fever was the most common initial symptom, and the maximum body temperature at admission was significantly higher in the progression group than in the improvement/stabilization group (38.2 [37.8, 38.6] vs. 37.5 [37.0, 38.4]°C, U = 2.057, P = 0.027). Moreover, the proportion of patients with respiratory failure (54.5% vs. 20.9%, χ = 5.611, P = 0.028) and respiratory rate (34 [18, 48] vs. 24 [16, 60] breaths/min, U = 4.030, P = 0.004) were significantly higher in the progression group than in the improvement/stabilization group. C-reactive protein was significantly elevated in the progression group compared to the improvement/stabilization group (38.9 [14.3, 64.8] vs. 10.6 [1.9, 33.1] mg/L, U = 1.315, P = 0.024). Albumin was significantly lower in the progression group than in the improvement/stabilization group (36.62 ± 6.60 vs. 41.27 ± 4.55 g/L, U = 2.843, P = 0.006). Patients in the progression group were more likely to receive high-level respiratory support than in the improvement/stabilization group (χ = 16.01, P = 0.001). Multivariate logistic analysis indicated that age (odds ratio [OR], 8.546; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.628-44.864; P = 0.011), history of smoking (OR, 14.285; 95% CI: 1.577-25.000; P = 0.018), maximum body temperature at admission (OR, 8.999; 95% CI: 1.036-78.147, P = 0.046), respiratory failure (OR, 8.772, 95% CI: 1.942-40.000; P = 0.016), albumin (OR, 7.353, 95% CI: 1.098-50.000; P = 0.003), and C-reactive protein (OR, 10.530; 95% CI: 1.224-34.701, P = 0.028) were risk factors for disease progression. CONCLUSIONS: Several factors that led to the progression of COVID-19 pneumonia were identified, including age, history of smoking, maximum body temperature on admission, respiratory failure, albumin, C-reactive protein. These results can be used to further enhance the ability of management of COVID-19 pneumonia.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/CM9.0000000000000775

RECORD 107
TITLE
  The Clinical and Chest CT Features Associated with Severe and Critical COVID-19 Pneumonia
AUTHOR NAMES
  Li K.;  Wu J.;  Wu F.;  Guo D.;  Chen L.;  Fang Z.;  Li C.
SOURCE
  Investigative radiology (2020). Date of Publication: 29 Feb 2020
ABSTRACT
  OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical and CT features associated with severe and critical Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty-three patients with COVID-19 pneumonia including 25 severe/critical cases and 58 ordinary cases were enrolled. The chest CT images and clinical data of them were reviewed and compared. The risk factors associated with disease severity were analyzed. RESULTS: Compared with the ordinary patients, the severe/critical patients had older ages, higher incidence of comorbidities, cough, expectoration, chest pain and dyspnea. The incidences of consolidation, linear opacities, crazy-paving pattern and bronchial wall thickening in severe/critical patients were significantly higher than those of the ordinary patients. Besides, severe/critical patients showed higher incidences of lymph node enlargement, pericardial effusion and pleural effusion than the ordinary patients. The CT scores of severe/critical patients were significantly higher than those of the ordinary patients (P < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that the sensitivity and specificity of CT Score were 80.0% and 82.8% respectively for the discrimination of the two types. The clinical factors of age > 50 years old, comorbidities, dyspnea, chest pain, cough, expectoration, decreased lymphocytes and increased inflammation indicators were risk factors for severe/critical COVID-19 pneumonia. CT findings of consolidation, linear opacities, crazy-paving pattern, bronchial wall thickening, high CT scores and extrapulmonary lesions were features of severe/critical COVID-19 pneumonia. CONCLUSIONS: There are significant differences in clinical symptoms, laboratory examinations and CT manifestations between the ordinary patients and the severe/critical patients. Many factors are related to the severity of the disease, which can help clinicians to judge the severity of the patient and evaluate the prognosis.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/RLI.0000000000000672

RECORD 108
TITLE
  Asymptomatic novel coronavirus pneumonia patient outside Wuhan: The value of CT images in the course of the disease
AUTHOR NAMES
  Lin C.;  Ding Y.;  Xie B.;  Sun Z.;  Li X.;  Chen Z.;  Niu M.
SOURCE
  Clinical Imaging (2020) 63 (7-9). Date of Publication: 1 Jul 2020
ABSTRACT
  The purpose of this case report is to describe the imaging and associated clinical features of an asymptomatic novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) patient outside Wuhan, China. The principle findings are that in this patient with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19, CT findings preceded symptoms and included bilateral pleural effusions, previously not reported in association with COVID-19. The role of this case report is promotion of potential recognition amongst radiologists of this new disease, which has been declared a global health emergency by the World Health Organization (WHO).
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinimag.2020.02.008

RECORD 109
TITLE
  Clinical characteristics of 140 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China
AUTHOR NAMES
  Zhang J.-J.;  Dong X.;  Cao Y.-Y.;  Yuan Y.-D.;  Yang Y.-B.;  Yan Y.-Q.;  Akdis C.A.;  Gao Y.-D.
SOURCE
  Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2020). Date of Publication: 2020
ABSTRACT
  Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been widely spread. We aim to investigate the clinical characteristic and allergy status of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Methods: Electronic medical records including demographics, clinical manifestation, comorbidities, laboratory data, and radiological materials of 140 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, with confirmed result of SARS-CoV-2 viral infection, were extracted and analyzed. Results: An approximately 1:1 ratio of male (50.7%) and female COVID-19 patients was found, with an overall median age of 57.0 years. All patients were community-acquired cases. Fever (91.7%), cough (75.0%), fatigue (75.0%), and gastrointestinal symptoms (39.6%) were the most common clinical manifestations, whereas hypertension (30.0%) and diabetes mellitus (12.1%) were the most common comorbidities. Drug hypersensitivity (11.4%) and urticaria (1.4%) were self-reported by several patients. Asthma or other allergic diseases were not reported by any of the patients. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, 1.4%) patients and current smokers (1.4%) were rare. Bilateral ground-glass or patchy opacity (89.6%) was the most common sign of radiological finding. Lymphopenia (75.4%) and eosinopenia (52.9%) were observed in most patients. Blood eosinophil counts correlate positively with lymphocyte counts in severe (r =.486, P <.001) and nonsevere (r =.469, P <.001) patients after hospital admission. Significantly higher levels of D-dimer, C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin were associated with severe patients compared to nonsevere patients (all P <.001). Conclusion: Detailed clinical investigation of 140 hospitalized COVID-19 cases suggests eosinopenia together with lymphopenia may be a potential indicator for diagnosis. Allergic diseases, asthma, and COPD are not risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Older age, high number of comorbidities, and more prominent laboratory abnormalities were associated with severe patients.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/all.14238

RECORD 110
TITLE
  Clinical characteristics of laboratory confirmed positive cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Wuhan, China: A retrospective single center analysis
AUTHOR NAMES
  Huang Y.;  Tu M.;  Wang S.;  Chen S.;  Zhou W.;  Chen D.;  Zhou L.;  Wang M.;  Zhao Y.;  Zeng W.;  Huang Q.;  Xu H.;  Liu Z.;  Guo L.
SOURCE
  Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease (2020) Article Number: 101606. Date of Publication: 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101606

RECORD 111
TITLE
  Correlation of Chest CT and RT-PCR Testing in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China: A Report of 1014 Cases
AUTHOR NAMES
  Ai T.;  Yang Z.;  Hou H.;  Zhan C.;  Chen C.;  Lv W.;  Tao Q.;  Sun Z.;  Xia L.
SOURCE
  Radiology (2020) (200642). Date of Publication: 26 Feb 2020
ABSTRACT
  Background Chest CT is used for diagnosis of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), as an important complement to the reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests. Purpose To investigate the diagnostic value and consistency of chest CT as compared with comparison to RT-PCR assay in COVID-19. Methods From January 6 to February 6, 2020, 1014 patients in Wuhan, China who underwent both chest CT and RT-PCR tests were included. With RT-PCR as reference standard, the performance of chest CT in diagnosing COVID-19 was assessed. Besides, for patients with multiple RT-PCR assays, the dynamic conversion of RT-PCR results (negative to positive, positive to negative, respectively) was analyzed as compared with serial chest CT scans for those with time-interval of 4 days or more. Results Of 1014 patients, 59% (601/1014) had positive RT-PCR results, and 88% (888/1014) had positive chest CT scans. The sensitivity of chest CT in suggesting COVID-19 was 97% (95%CI, 95-98%, 580/601 patients) based on positive RT-PCR results. In patients with negative RT-PCR results, 75% (308/413) had positive chest CT findings; of 308, 48% were considered as highly likely cases, with 33% as probable cases. By analysis of serial RT-PCR assays and CT scans, the mean interval time between the initial negative to positive RT-PCR results was 5.1 ± 1.5 days; the initial positive to subsequent negative RT-PCR result was 6.9 ± 2.3 days). 60% to 93% of cases had initial positive CT consistent with COVID-19 prior (or parallel) to the initial positive RT-PCR results. 42% (24/57) cases showed improvement in follow-up chest CT scans before the RT-PCR results turning negative. Conclusion Chest CT has a high sensitivity for diagnosis of COVID-19. Chest CT may be considered as a primary tool for the current COVID-19 detection in epidemic areas.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020200642

RECORD 112
TITLE
  Corona Virus International Public Health Emergencies: Implications for Radiology Management
AUTHOR NAMES
  Zhang H.-W.;  Yu J.;  Xu H.-J.;  Lei Y.;  Pu Z.-H.;  Dai W.-C.;  Lin F.;  Wang Y.-L.;  Wu X.-L.;  Liu L.-H.;  Li M.;  Mo Y.-Q.;  Zhang H.;  Luo S.-P.;  Chen H.;  Lyu G.-W.;  Zhou Z.-G.;  Liu W.-M.;  Liu X.-L.;  Song H.-Y.;  Chen F.-Z.;  Zeng L.;  Zhong H.;  Guo T.-T.;  Hu Y.-Q.;  Yang X.-X.;  Liu P.-N.;  Li D.-F.
SOURCE
  Academic Radiology (2020) 27:4 (463-467). Date of Publication: 1 Apr 2020
ABSTRACT
  The outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia was reported in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in December 2019 and has spread internationally. This article discusses how radiology departments can most effectively respond to this public health emergency.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2020.02.003

RECORD 113
TITLE
  First case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia in Taiwan
AUTHOR NAMES
  Cheng S.-C.;  Chang Y.-C.;  Fan Chiang Y.-L.;  Chien Y.-C.;  Cheng M.;  Yang C.-H.;  Huang C.-H.;  Hsu Y.-N.
SOURCE
  Journal of the Formosan Medical Association (2020) 119:3 (747-751). Date of Publication: 1 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  An outbreak of respiratory illness proved to be infected by a 2019 novel coronavirus, officially named Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), was notified first in Wuhan, China, and has spread rapidly in China and to other parts of the world. Herein, we reported the first confirmed case of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) imported from China in Taiwan. This case report revealed a natural course of NCP with self-recovery, which may be a good example in comparison with medical treatments.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2020.02.007

RECORD 114
TITLE
  Novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak in 2019: Computed tomographic findings in two cases
AUTHOR NAMES
  Lin X.;  Gong Z.;  Xiao Z.;  Xiong J.;  Fan B.;  Liu J.
SOURCE
  Korean Journal of Radiology (2020) 21:3 (365-368). Date of Publication: 1 Mar 2020
ABSTRACT
  Since the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV or officially named by the World Health Organization as COVID-19) outbreak in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in 2019, there have been a few reports of its imaging findings. Here, we report two confirmed cases of 2019-nCoV pneumonia with chest computed tomography findings of multiple regions of patchy consolidation and ground-glass opacities in both lungs. These findings were characteristically located along the bronchial bundle or subpleural lungs.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2020.0078

RECORD 115
TITLE
  2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Taiwan: Reports of two cases from Wuhan, China
AUTHOR NAMES
  Huang W.-H.;  Teng L.-C.;  Yeh T.-K.;  Chen Y.-J.;  Lo W.-J.;  Wu M.-J.;  Chin C.-S.;  Tsan Y.-T.;  Lin T.-C.;  Chai J.-W.;  Lin C.-F.;  Tseng C.-H.;  Liu C.-W.;  Wu C.-M.;  Chen P.-Y.;  Shi Z.-Y.;  Liu P.-Y.
SOURCE
  Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection (2020). Date of Publication: 2020
ABSTRACT
  We reported two cases with community-acquired pneumonia caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) who returned from Wuhan, China in January, 2020. The reported cases highlight non-specific clinical presentations of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as well as the importance of rapid laboratory-based diagnosis.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.02.009

RECORD 116
TITLE
  Chest CT Findings in Patients with Corona Virus Disease 2019 and its Relationship with Clinical Features
AUTHOR NAMES
  Wu J.;  Wu X.;  Zeng W.;  Guo D.;  Fang Z.;  Chen L.;  Huang H.;  Li C.
SOURCE
  Investigative radiology (2020). Date of Publication: 21 Feb 2020
ABSTRACT
  OBJECTIVES: To investigate the chest computed tomography (CT) findings in patients with confirmed corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to evaluate its relationship with clinical features. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Study sample consisted of 80 patients diagnosed as COVID-19 from January to February 2020. The chest CT images and clinical data were reviewed and the relationship between them was analyzed. RESULTS: Totally 80 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were included. With regards to the clinical manifestations, 58/80 (73%) of patients had cough, 61/80 (76%) of patients had high temperature levels. The most frequent CT abnormalities observed were ground glass opacity (GGO) (73/80 cases, 91%), consolidation (50/80 cases, 63%) and interlobular septal thickening (47/80, 59%). Most of the lesions were multiple, with an average of 12±6 lung segments involved. The most common involved lung segments were the dorsal segment of the right lower lobe (69/80, 86%), the posterior basal segment of the right lower lobe (68/80, 85%), the lateral basal segment of the right lower lobe (64/80, 80%), the dorsal segment of the left lower lobe (61/80, 76%) and the posterior basal segment of the left lower lobe (65/80, 81%). The average pulmonary inflammation index (PII) value was (34%±20%) for all the patients. Correlation analysis showed that the PII value was significantly correlated with the values of lymphocyte count, monocyte count, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, days from illness onset and body temperature (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The common chest CT findings of COVID-19 are multiple GGO, consolidation and interlobular septal thickening in both lungs, which are mostly distributed under the pleura. There are significant correlations between the degree of pulmonary inflammation and the main clinical symptoms and laboratory results. CT plays an important role in the diagnosis and evaluation of this emerging global health emergency.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/RLI.0000000000000670

RECORD 117
TITLE
  Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Perspective from China
AUTHOR NAMES
  Zu Z.Y.;  Jiang M.D.;  Xu P.P.;  Chen W.;  Ni Q.Q.;  Lu G.M.;  Zhang L.J.
SOURCE
  Radiology (2020) (200490). Date of Publication: 21 Feb 2020
ABSTRACT
  In December 2019, an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China and spread across China and beyond. On February 12, 2020, WHO officially named the disease caused by the novel coronavirus as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Since most COVID-19 infected patients were diagnosed with pneumonia and characteristic CT imaging patterns, radiological examinations have become vital in early diagnosis and assessment of disease course. To date, CT findings have been recommended as major evidence for clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 in Hubei, China. This review focuses on the etiology, epidemiology, and clinical symptoms of COVID-19, while highlighting the role of chest CT in prevention and disease control. A full translation of this article in Chinese is available.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020200490

RECORD 118
TITLE
  Outbreak of novel coronavirus (COVID-19): What is the role of radiologists?
AUTHOR NAMES
  Kim H.
SOURCE
  European Radiology (2020). Date of Publication: 2020
ABSTRACT
  • Novel coronavirus (COVID-19)-infected pneumonia usually manifests as bilateral ground-glass opacities in the lung periphery on chest CT scans. • Role of radiologists includes not only early detection of lung abnormality, but also suggestion of disease severity, potential progression to acute respiratory distress syndrome, and possible bacterial co-infection in hospitalized patients.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00330-020-06748-2

RECORD 119
TITLE
  Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome
AUTHOR NAMES
  Xu Z.;  Shi L.;  Wang Y.;  Zhang J.;  Huang L.;  Zhang C.;  Liu S.;  Zhao P.;  Liu H.;  Zhu L.;  Tai Y.;  Bai C.;  Gao T.;  Song J.;  Xia P.;  Dong J.;  Zhao J.;  Wang F.-S.
SOURCE
  The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2020) 8:4 (420-422). Date of Publication: 1 Apr 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30076-X

RECORD 120
TITLE
  Sensitivity of Chest CT for COVID-19: Comparison to RT-PCR
AUTHOR NAMES
  Fang Y.;  Zhang H.;  Xie J.;  Lin M.;  Ying L.;  Pang P.;  Ji W.
SOURCE
  Radiology (2020) (200432). Date of Publication: 19 Feb 2020
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020200432

RECORD 121
TITLE
  Chest CT Findings in Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19): Relationship to Duration of Infection
AUTHOR NAMES
  Bernheim A.;  Mei X.;  Huang M.;  Yang Y.;  Fayad Z.A.;  Zhang N.;  Diao K.;  Lin B.;  Zhu X.;  Li K.;  Li S.;  Shan H.;  Jacobi A.;  Chung M.
SOURCE
  Radiology (2020) (200463). Date of Publication: 20 Feb 2020
ABSTRACT
  In this retrospective study, chest CTs of 121 symptomatic patients infected with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) from four centers in China from January 18, 2020 to February 2, 2020 were reviewed for common CT findings in relationship to the time between symptom onset and the initial CT scan (i.e. early, 0-2 days (36 patients), intermediate 3-5 days (33 patients), late 6-12 days (25 patients)). The hallmarks of COVID-19 infection on imaging were bilateral and peripheral ground-glass and consolidative pulmonary opacities. Notably, 20/36 (56%) of early patients had a normal CT. With a longer time after the onset of symptoms, CT findings were more frequent, including consolidation, bilateral and peripheral disease, greater total lung involvement, linear opacities, “crazy-paving” pattern and the “reverse halo” sign. Bilateral lung involvement was observed in 10/36 early patients (28%), 25/33 intermediate patients (76%), and 22/25 late patients (88%).
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020200463

RECORD 122
TITLE
  Time Course of Lung Changes On Chest CT During Recovery From 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pneumonia
AUTHOR NAMES
  Pan F.;  Ye T.;  Sun P.;  Gui S.;  Liang B.;  Li L.;  Zheng D.;  Wang J.;  Hesketh R.L.;  Yang L.;  Zheng C.
SOURCE
  Radiology (2020) (200370). Date of Publication: 13 Feb 2020
ABSTRACT
  Background Chest CT is used to assess the severity of lung involvement in COVID-19 pneumonia. Purpose To determine the change in chest CT findings associated with COVID-19 pneumonia from initial diagnosis until patient recovery. Materials and Methods This retrospective review included patients with RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 infection presenting between 12 January 2020 to 6 February 2020. Patients with severe respiratory distress and/ or oxygen requirement at any time during the disease course were excluded. Repeat Chest CT was obtained at approximately 4 day intervals. The total CT score was the sum of lung involvement (5 lobes, score 1-5 for each lobe, range, 0 none, 25 maximum) was determined. Results Twenty one patients (6 males and 15 females, age 25-63 years) with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia were evaluated. These patients under went a total of 82 pulmonary CT scans with a mean interval of 4±1 days (range: 1-8 days). All patients were discharged after a mean hospitalized period of 17±4 days (range: 11-26 days). Maximum lung involved peaked at approximately 10 days (with the calculated total CT score of 6) from the onset of initial symptoms (R2=0.25), p<0.001). Based on quartiles of patients from day 0 to day 26 involvement, 4 stages of lung CT were defined: Stage 1 (0-4 days): ground glass opacities (GGO) in 18/24 (75%) patients with the total CT score of 2±2; (2)Stage-2 (5-8d days): increased crazy-paving pattern 9/17 patients (53%) with a increase in total CT score (6±4, p=0.002); (3) Stage-3 (9-13days): consolidation 19/21 (91%) patients with the peak of total CT score (7±4); (4) Stage-4 (≥14 days): gradual resolution of consolidation 15/20 (75%) patients with a decreased total CT score (6±4) without crazy-paving pattern. Conclusion In patients recovering from COVID-19 pneumonia (without severe respiratory distress during the disease course), lung abnormalities on chest CT showed greatest severity approximately 10 days after initial onset of symptoms.
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020200370